Differentiating Aging Among Adults With Down Syndrome and Comorbid Dementia or Psychopathology.

Differences were examined between three groups of adults with Down syndrome in their behavioral presentation, social life/activities, health, and support needs. We compared those with comorbid dementia, with comorbid psychopathology, and with no comorbid conditions. Adults with comorbid dementia were more likely to be older, have lower functional abilities, have worse health and more health conditions, and need more support in self-care.

Hearing dummies: individualized computer models of hearing impairment.

Unlabelled: Objective: Our aim was to explore the usage of individualized computer models to simulate hearing loss based on detailed psychophysical assessment and to offer hypothetical diagnoses of the underlying pathology.

Design: Individualized computer models of normal and impaired hearing were constructed and evaluated using the psychophysical data obtained from human listeners. Computer models of impaired hearing were generated to reflect the hypothesized underlying pathology (e.

Off-frequency listening in subjects with chronic tinnitus.

The occurrence of subjective tinnitus has been linked to cochlear damage, as most tinnitus patients have impaired hearing, and animal studies have shown that the induction of hearing loss can lead to behavioural signs of tinnitus. In tinnitus patients, the pure-tone audiogram is the main source of information about cochlear damage, but hearing thresholds alone may not adequately reflect its magnitude. Etchelecou et al.

A computer model of the auditory periphery and its application to the study of hearing.

Computer models of the auditory periphery provide a tool for -formulating theories concerning the relationship between the physiology of the auditory system and the perception of sounds both in normal and impaired hearing. However, the time-consuming nature of their construction constitutes a major impediment to their use, and it is important that transparent models be available on an 'off-the-shelf' basis to researchers. The MATLAB Auditory Periphery (MAP) model aims to meet these requirements and be freely available.

Acquisition of auditory profiles for good and impaired hearing.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a user-friendly way of measuring patients' threshold and supra-threshold hearing, with potential for application in clinical research. The end-product of these tests is a graphical profile summarizing absolute threshold, frequency selectivity, and compression characteristics across a spectrum of frequencies (0.25-6 kHz).

Tinnitus and patterns of hearing loss.

Tinnitus is strongly linked with the presence of damaged hearing. However, it is not known why tinnitus afflicts only some, and not all, hearing-impaired listeners. One possibility is that tinnitus patients have specific inner ear damage that triggers tinnitus.