Is lobectomy sufficient for multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma?

Importance: Multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has been associated with a higher incidence of lymph node involvement, bilateral involvement, and extrathyroidal extension compared to unifocal papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Objective: To describe the incidence and determinants of survival for patients with multifocal PTMC using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database.

Design, Setting, Participants: The SEER registry was utilized to calculate survival trends for patients with PTMC between 2010 and 2015.

Contrast-Induced Sialadenitis of the Sublingual Glands.

Contrast-induced sialadenitis (CIS) is a rare, delayed pseudoallergic reaction from iodine containing contrast. Previously reported cases of CIS demonstrated that the two major salivary glands (parotid and submandibular) can be affected. The initial encounter of this entity can raise alarms to physicians as the differential diagnoses include serious infectious and inflammatory conditions such as Ludwig's angina and angioedema.

Safety of outpatient unilateral medialization laryngoplasty across two academic institutions.

Objectives/hypothesis: Unilateral ML is a commonly performed surgery for dysphonia secondary to glottic insufficiency. The safety of this procedure performed in the outpatient setting has not been extensively examined. The purpose of the study was to assess the safety of outpatient unilateral ML in adults and determine the incidence and timing of postoperative complications across two tertiary-care academic medical centers.

Laryngeal Pilar Cyst Masquerading as an Internal/External Laryngocele.

Objectives: This study aimed to document and describe a case of a laryngeal pilar cyst and to review the literature.

Methods: We describe the case of a 65-year-old woman with a laryngeal pilar cyst presenting with occasional ear pain and positional dyspnea, with imaging studies suggesting external/internal laryngocele. We also review the existing clinical literature.

Microbiome and disease in the upper airway.

Purpose Of Review: Microbiome refers to the genetic potential of resident microorganisms that inhabit a given niche. The exact role of the microbiome and its relation to chronic disease processes remains largely unknown, although various associations have been observed. We reviewed current literature investigating the microbiome of the upper airway by subsite (nasal cavity, sinus cavities, nasopharynx, and larynx) and its relation to chronic inflammatory disease processes.

A comparative study between adenoids and nasal mucosa for ciliated epithelium in children with recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: To determine whether adenoid epithelium is superior to nasal mucosa for biopsy of ciliated epithelium for electron microscopy (EM) to evaluate pediatric patients with rhinosinusitis for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).

Methods: A retrospective review compared electron microscopic results in children with chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis who underwent both adenoidectomy or nasopharyngeal biopsy and nasal mucosa biopsy in the course of evaluation for PCD at a tertiary care institution.

Results: Forty pediatric patients met inclusion criteria for this study.

Individualizing Prevention for Older Adults.

Prevention can help older adults avoid illness by identifying and addressing conditions before they cause symptoms, but prevention can also harm older adults if conditions that are unlikely to cause symptoms in the individual's lifetime are identified and treated. To identify older adults who preventive interventions are most likely to benefit (and most likely to harm), we propose a framework that compares an individual's life expectancy (LE) with the time to benefit (TTB) for an intervention. If LE is less than the TTB, the individual is unlikely to benefit but is exposed to the risks of the intervention, and the intervention should generally NOT be recommended.

Models for joint ophthalmology-optometry patient management.

Purpose Of Review: American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) presented a joint position paper in February 2000 declaring that they do not support routine comanagement of patients with the optometrists. American Optometric Association and American Academy of Optometry quickly responded in support of AAO and ASCRS. All four entities did not preclude legitimate and proper comanagement arrangements.