Stronger Together: A Successful Model of Health System-Community Collective Action During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Discontinuity between health care delivery systems and community-based organizations is a significant barrier to improving population health.

Objective: To describe the facilitators and barriers experienced by a health system-community partnership 15 months after implementation.

Methods: Coalition members who led committees within the coalition or had active, sustained participation in coalition activities were invited to participate.

Burden and trajectory of social needs after breast cancer diagnosis at a safety-net hospital.

Purpose: Unmet social needs pose barriers to cancer care, contributing to adverse outcomes and health inequities. A better understanding of how social needs change after cancer diagnosis can inform more effective, equity-focused interventions.

Methods: In this study, we examined self-reported social needs at 0, 3, and 6 months after a breast cancer diagnosis in a racially diverse, multilingual sample (n = 222) enrolled in patient navigation intervention at an urban safety-net hospital.

PrEP facilitators and barriers in substance use bridge clinics for women who engage in sex work and who use drugs.

Background: Women who engage in sex work and use drugs (WSWUD) experience disproportionate HIV risks. Substance use treatment bridge clinics offer an opportunity to increase HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery to WSWUD, but research on best practices is lacking. Therefore, we explored facilitators and barriers to PrEP across the PrEP care continuum in these settings.

Preoperative Communication Between Anesthesia, Surgery, and Primary Care Providers for Older Surgical Patients.

Background: Suboptimal communication between clinicians remains a frequent driver of preventable adverse health care-related events, increased costs, and patient and physician dissatisfaction.

Methods: Cross-sectional surveys on preoperative interspecialty communication, tailored by stakeholder type, were administered to (1) primary care providers in northern New England, (2) anesthesia providers working in the perioperative clinic of a tertiary rural academic medical center, (3) surgeons from the same center, and (4) older surgical patients who underwent preoperative assessment at the same center.

Results: In total, 107/249 (43.

Talking numbers: how women and providers use risk scores during and after risk counseling - a qualitative investigation from the NRG Oncology/NSABP DMP-1 study.

Objectives: Little research exists on how risk scores are used in counselling. We examined (a) how Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT) scores are presented during counselling; (b) how women react and (c) discuss them afterwards.

Design: Consultations were video-recorded and participants were interviewed after the consultation as part of the NRG Oncology/National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Decision-Making Project 1 (NSABP DMP-1).

A Survey of Cancer Risk Behaviors, Beliefs, and Social Drivers of Health in New Hampshire and Vermont.

Unlabelled: Compared with urban areas, rural areas have higher cancer mortality and have experienced substantially smaller declines in cancer incidence in recent years. In a New Hampshire (NH) and Vermont (VT) survey, we explored the roles of rurality and educational attainment on cancer risk behaviors, beliefs, and other social drivers of health. In February-March 2022, two survey panels in NH and VT were sent an online questionnaire.

Cancer Epidemiology in the Northeastern United States (2013-2017).

Unlabelled: We tested the hypotheses that adult cancer incidence and mortality in the Northeast region and in Northern New England (NNE) were different than the rest of the United States, and described other related cancer metrics and risk factor prevalence. Using national, publicly available cancer registry data, we compared cancer incidence and mortality in the Northeast region with the United States and NNE with the United States overall and by race/ethnicity, using age-standardized cancer incidence and rate ratios (RR). Compared with the United States, age-adjusted cancer incidence in adults of all races combined was higher in the Northeast (RR, 1.

A population-based survey of self-reported delays in breast, cervical, colorectal and lung cancer screening.

The early COVID-19 pandemic was associated with cessation of screening services, but the prevalence of ongoing delays in cancer screening into the third year of the pandemic are not well-characterized. In February/March 2022, a population-based survey assessed cancer needs in New Hampshire and Vermont. The associations between cancer screening delays (breast, cervical, colorectal or lung cancer) and social determinants of health, health care access, and cancer attitudes and beliefs were tested.

Characterizing Referrals for Prostate Cancer Genetic Services in a Safety-Net Hospital.

Purpose: Little is known about the uptake of germline genetic testing for patients with prostate cancer after 2018 guideline changes. This study characterizes genetic service referral patterns and predictors of referrals among patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using electronic health record data was conducted at an urban safety-net hospital.

Delivering Genetic Testing for Patients with Prostate Cancer: Moving Beyond Provider Knowledge as a Barrier to Care.

Introduction: The 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for prostate cancer genetic testing expanded access to genetic services. Few studies have examined how this change has affected provider practice outside of large cancer centers.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study of multi-disciplinary health care providers treating patients with prostate cancer at a safety-net hospital.

Perceptions of Breast Cancer Risks Among Women Receiving Mammograph Screening.

Importance: Breast density is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Despite the proliferation of mandated written notifications about breast density following mammography, there is little understanding of how women perceive the relative breast cancer risk associated with breast density.

Objective: To assess women's perception of breast density compared with other breast cancer risks and explore their understanding of risk reduction.

Integrating community engagement with implementation science to advance the measurement of translational science.

This special communication provides an approach for applying implementation science frameworks to a Clinical and Translational Science Institutes (CTSIs) community engagement (CE) program that measures the use of implementation strategies and outcomes that promote the uptake of CE in research. Using an iterative multi-disciplinary group process, we executed a four-phased approach to developing an evaluation plan: 1) creating an model adapted from Proctor's conceptual model of implementation research; 2) mapping implementation strategies to CTSI CE program interventions that support change in research practice; 3) identifying and operationalizing measures for each strategy; and 4) conducting an evaluation. Phase 2 employed 73 implementation strategies across 9 domains generated by the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change project.

Patient navigation to address sociolegal barriers for patients with cancer: A comparative-effectiveness study.

Background: Sociolegal barriers to cancer care are defined as health-related social needs like affordable healthy housing, stable utility service, and food security that may be remedied by public policy, law, regulation, or programming. Legal support has not been studied in cancer care.

Methods: The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial of patients who had newly diagnosed cancer at a safety-net medical center in Boston from 2014 through 2017, comparing standard patient navigation versus enhanced navigation partnered with legal advocates to identify and address sociolegal barriers.

The representation of females in clinical trials for substance use disorder conducted in the United States (2010-19).

Background And Aims: Women have historically been under-represented in clinical research, but the extent to which this is true for substance use disorder (SUD) trials is unknown. We aimed to determine the ratio of female:male participation in clinical trials for SUDs and describe the reporting of sex-specific outcomes from 2010 to 2019.

Design: A retrospective cohort review of clinical trials involving people with SUD.

Limited English Proficiency and Clinical Outcomes After Hospital-Based Care in English-Speaking Countries: a Systematic Review.

Background: Limited English proficiency (LEP) is common among hospitalized patients and may impact care. We synthesized the literature comparing clinical outcomes after in-hospital care for English-proficient(EP) versus LEP patients.

Methods: This systematic review searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from database inception through June 7, 2020, to identify research investigating clinical outcomes in patients receiving hospital-based care (in the emergency department, inpatient ward, surgical/procedural suite, or intensive care unit) that compared patients with LEP to an EP group.

Differences in Breast Cancer Screening Practices by Diabetes Status and Race/Ethnicity in the United States.

Socioeconomic and health-related factors, including comorbid illness, may affect mammography screening rates and subsequently contribute to breast cancer outcomes. We explored the association between diabetes and mammography screening, and whether this association varied between racial, ethnic, and geographic groups. Cross-sectional data from the 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to fit logistic regression models assessing the association between diabetes and up-to-date mammography screening in 497,600 women, aged 50-74 years.