Iatrogenic Facial Nerve Injury in Head and Neck Surgery in the Presence of Intraoperative Facial Nerve Monitoring With Electromyography: A Systematic Review.

The facial nerve is the seventh of 12 cranial nerves found in the head and neck region that facilitates several nerve fibers and pathways to perform various functions. Iatrogenic facial nerve injury during surgeries of the head and neck is common, ranging from 4-6%, particularly in procedures that involve mobilization or resection of associated anatomical structures. Any injury to the facial nerve or its branches impacts the quality of life and patient satisfaction as the degree of iatrogenic injury may result in partial or complete facial nerve paralysis.

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for a Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear: A Case Report.

Rotator cuff tears, particularly involving the supraspinatus muscle and/or tendon, are highly prevalent among individuals engaged in repetitive shoulder motions. Occupations demanding constant and repetitive shoulder movements are especially susceptible to rotator cuff injuries, potentially leading to prolonged joint wear and tear and an increased likelihood of joint replacement. Considering the impact of social determinants of health, including access to healthcare and socioeconomic status, it is imperative to explore conservative treatment modalities that alleviate financial burdens and reduce lengthy recovery periods.

Dysesthesia and Depression in Undiagnosed Alzheimer's Disease.

Dysesthesia is an abnormal sensation typically described as tingling, burning, or itching. Dysesthesia may occur in the presence or absence of causative dermatologic or medical pathology. Sensory abnormalities have been well documented in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), though reported abnormalities typically affect the olfactory, visual, and auditory systems.

Epiploic Appendagitis Mimicking Acute Appendicitis: An Osteopathic Case Report.

Acute epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of abdominal pain, often misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis or diverticulitis given similar clinical presentation and findings. The treatment is supportive care and is typically self-limited. The osteopathic structural exam can give insight into pathology and in this case, was suggestive of a non-appendiceal origin of her pain, in which emergent surgery could be avoided.

Retained Copper Intrauterine Device Fragment in Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Copper intrauterine device (IUD) failure and fragmentation are rare, with minimal documentation on their effects in pregnancy. Recommendations from professional organizations highlight the importance of prompt identification and surgical removal, as case reports have noted various acute and chronic intra-abdominal pathologies. However, limited guidance exists around counseling patients who are pregnant with a retained IUD fragment.

Screening for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Panic Disorder: A Case Report.

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a cardiovascular disease that is widely recognized as an important cause of various cardiovascular pathologies. Passed through an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, mutations can result in cardiac dysfunction that can manifest in dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and sudden death. Panic disorder can present similarly to HOCM; however, precautions and treatment differ significantly.

Effect of SARS CoV2-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody on Hospitalization and Mortality in Long-Term Care Facility Residents.

To measure the association between intravenous administration of monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab (LY-CoV555) to long-term care facility (LTCF) residents recently diagnosed with pre-symptomatic, mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and are considered high risk for disease progression with mortality, hospitalization, and adverse effects. A retrospective analysis of LTCF residents with confirmed COVID-19, pre-symptomatic, mild to moderate disease, who were treated with bamlanivimab (LY-CoV555) were compared to similar LTCF residents who did not receive monoclonal antibody treatment. Dependent variables investigated included mortality and hospitalization as primary outcomes with adverse effects as the secondary outcome.

Need for Increased Awareness of International Male Circumcision Variations and Associated Complications: A Contemporary Review.

Male circumcision is a prevalent, straightforward procedure. Cultural, religious, and/or social factors are the main determinants in the decision to undergo circumcision. The method of circumcision and age of the patient at the time of circumcision varies, dependent on the deciding determinant: cultural or religious tradition, personal hygiene, preventive health, or medical need.

Assessing the Knowledge of the Osteopathic Profession in New York City's Eastern European Communities.

Background According to the decennial Osteopathic Survey of Healthcare in America, the osteopathic profession has been steadily gaining recognition in the United States, particularly among the White/Caucasian demographic. This, however, does not take into account immigrant European communities that, while racially classified as White/Caucasian, may be unexposed to osteopathic physicians (DOs) in their home country and may be reticent to osteopathic manipulative medicine. Data on non-English-speaking communities are limited and can mask the need for further outreach.

Inhibiting the Musculoskeletal Pathological Processes in Post-knee Replacement Surgery With Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a very common surgical treatment approach for severe osteoarthritis. Complications of TKA include loss of range of motion and prolonged analgesic requirement for pain control. Osteopathic manipulative techniques (OMT) have been utilized to address localized muscular stiffness to improve range of motion; however, limited studies directly correlate OMT and TKA recovery.

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome-Related Challenges in Acute Respiratory Failure.

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition commonly found in severely obese patients in which they fail to breathe deeply or rapidly enough to offset the body's need for oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release. This report presents a case of a 49-year-old super-super-morbid obese female with a body mass index (BMI) of 90 kilogram per meter squared (kg/m²), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and end-stage cor pulmonale, who was brought to the emergency department for altered mental status and requiring emergent airway due to respiratory failure secondary to OHS. The continued increase in rates of obesity worldwide, especially in those with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m², may lead to an increase in the incidence of OHS.

Mini-medical school programs decrease perceived barriers of pursuing medical careers among underrepresented minority high school students.

Context: The percent of underrepresented minority (URM) students who apply to medical school has changed minimally in the past 40 years. Due to the lack of URM applicants, the consequent matriculation of URMs is grossly disproportionate from their percent representation of the US population. Increasing diversity among medical students and physicians has previously been identified as essential to decreasing healthcare disparities among US minorities.

Complications of COVID-19 Pneumonia and Multiple Sclerosis Exacerbation.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease in the United States, in which demyelination of the brain and spinal cord disrupts the transmission of signals throughout the body. With an average life expectancy of 30 years from the start of the disease, treatment relies on symptom management through steroids and disease-modifying agents, as there is no cure. While MS patients have not been shown to be at increased risk for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection, prolonged hospitalizations and severe COVID-19 sequelae have been linked to various MS subgroups.

Undergraduate Medical School Health Fair Hepatitis Screenings: Utilizing Non-Profit Community Organizations.

Background: Undergraduate medical schools serve a critical role in providing screenings to medically underserved populations through the use of health fairs. Non-profit community organizations (NPCO) often participate by providing local credibility, administrative resources, and technical knowledge. Here we present a three-year narrative of hepatitis B and C screening efforts to highlight the challenges and benefits of undergraduate medical school and NPCO partnerships.

Clinical Detection of Primary Pulmonary Angiosarcoma.

Pulmonary angiosarcomas (PAS) are rare malignant vascular tumors that due to their aggressive and metastatic nature, are often diagnosed at a late stage, resulting in a poorer prognosis. Here we present a 53-year-old male who was initially found to have recurring episodes of dyspnea and syncope, with initial workup showing bilateral saddle pulmonary embolisms on computerized tomography, presumed secondary to newly discovered atrial fibrillation with sinus node dysfunction. Further investigation over subsequent months and subsequent biopsy of a potential lung mass ultimately revealed pulmonary angiosarcoma of the spindle cell line.

Combating Diagnostic Delay of Endometriosis in Adolescents via Educational Awareness: A Systematic Review.

Endometriosis occurs in approximately 10% of adult women worldwide; however, it is commonly under- or misdiagnosed in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyze existing scientific literature for reasons for diagnostic delay of endometriosis and to determine how education regarding endometriosis could be improved. An integrative review was conducted based on articles published between December 1980 and December 2020.

Challenges in the Diagnosis of Brodie's Abscess in Subacute Osteomyelitis.

Introduction: Subacute osteomyelitis (OM) is a difficult condition to diagnose and treat, further complicated with an atypical presentation of a Brodie's abscess (BA). BA is typically seen in pediatric, male populations, with minimal incidence in adult populations. Concern for malignancy and cold abscess can preempt oncological work-up.

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Tension Headaches.

Tension-type headaches, associated with young age, poor health, sleep disturbances, anxiety, stress, and poor posture, account for 90% of all headaches diagnosed by healthcare professionals. Diagnosis and treatment of the various headache subtypes are often aimed at determining the underlying cause but commonly involve over-the-counter pain medication. Because recurrence is common in tension-type headaches, with a subsequent refractory response to over-the-counter medications, adjunctive and alternative treatment modalities should be further studied.

Adult Popillia japonica as an Otorhinolaryngologic Invasive Foreign Body in a Rural Area.

Otorhinolaryngologic foreign bodies may be encountered in-office visits, the emergency department, and speciality consultations. These include food, toys, and other small items, are present in pediatric patients. Because patients may be asymptomatic and the insertion of the foreign body not observed, obtaining medical care may be delayed.

Influenza Vaccination Quality Improvement as a Model for COVID-19 Prophylaxis.

Introduction: Many comparisons have been made on the effect and impact of COVID-19 on influenza pandemics of history. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that the strategies utilized by healthcare providers to improve influenza vaccination rates can similarly be applied to the administration of a COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study was to determine the rationale of low influenza vaccination rates in an urban allergy clinic and how to improve patient education and knowledge regarding the importance of influenza vaccination.

The Role of Barriers and Community-Based Education in Compliance to Regular Eye Exams in New York City's Harlem Community.

Background The American Optometric Association (AOA) recommends adults between the ages of 18 to 65 have an eye exam every two years while older individuals or those who utilize vision correction should have yearly exams. Previous vision screenings throughout New York City's Harlem community determined that 60% warranted referral to an ophthalmologist.  Objective As delayed vision screening could potentially leave a sight-threatening condition undiagnosed for many years, the objective of this study was to identify barriers to regular eye examinations.

Providing Culturally Competent Care for COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Delirium: A Case Report and Review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, its high transmissibility required infected individuals to be placed in negative pressure isolation rooms when admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Studies have shown that limited social support can increase the risk of developing delirium during ICU stays.

Benefits of Probiotic Yogurt Consumption on Maternal Health and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

The purported benefits of probiotics have been touted as adjunctive or alternative treatment to a variety of diseases. Limited studies have investigated the role of probiotic yogurt in the prevention and management of pregnancy-related adverse events. This literature review aims to analyze the benefits of probiotic yogurt on improving maternal health and pregnancy outcomes and to further identify possible areas of study.

Atrial invasion and showering phenomenon in primary lung cancer: A case report.

Advanced lung cancer can have numerous extra-pulmonary complications. Due to the proximity to the heart, cardiac invasion and the subsequent seeding of the tumor into the vascular system present numerous challenges in physician team care coordination. Here we have a 55-year-old male who presented with stroke symptoms in the setting of undiagnosed advanced lung cancer complicated by direct tumor invasion into the left atria and mixed embolic showering phenomenon and thrombotic hypercoagulability.