Infant gut bacterial community composition and food-related manifestation of atopy in early childhood.

Background: Immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy (IgE-FA) has emerged as a global public health concern. Immune dysregulation is an underlying mechanism for IgE-FA, caused by "dysbiosis" of the early intestinal microbiota. We investigated the association between infant gut bacterial composition and food-related atopy at age 3-5 years using a well-characterized birth cohort.

Food insecurity in Detroit: exploring the relationship between patient-reported food insecurity and proximity to healthful grocery stores.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to determine if patients of a large health care system in Detroit who self-identify as food insecure live further away from healthy grocery stores compared with food secure patients. Second, we explored whether food insecurity and distance to healthy grocery stores are related to ecological measures of vehicle availability in the area of residence.

Design: A secondary data analysis that uses baseline data from a pilot intervention/feasibility study.

Racial discrimination as a mediator of racial disparities in insomnia disorder.

Study Objectives: Racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to suffer from insomnia that is more severe; however, few studies have examined mechanisms by which racial disparities in severity of insomnia disorder may arise. One potential mechanism for disparities in insomnia severity is perceived discrimination. This study tested discrimination as a mediator in the relationship between race and insomnia.

Depression prevention via digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.

Study Objectives: Insomnia is a common precursor to depression; yet, the potential for insomnia treatment to prevent depression has not been demonstrated. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) effectively reduces concurrent symptoms of insomnia and depression and can be delivered digitally (dCBT-I); however, it remains unclear whether treating insomnia leads to sustained reduction and prevention of depression. This randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of dCBT-I in reducing and preventing depression over a 1-year follow-up period.

The influence of psychosocial stressors and socioeconomic status on sleep among caregivers of teenagers with asthma, the Puff City study.

Objective: Insufficient sleep is common among caregivers and is associated with worse health outcomes; however, the contributors to poor sleep among caregivers are unknown. We investigated the cross-sectional association between socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial stressors, and sleep among caregivers.

Methods: Caregivers (n=98) of teenagers with asthma self-reported sleep duration (hours), sleep quality (very good to very bad), education ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Recruitment experience for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial: Using EMR initiatives and minimizing research infrastructure.

Context: Modernized approaches to multisite randomized controlled trials (RCT) include the use of electronic medical records (EMR) for recruitment, remote data capture (RDC) for multisite data collection, and strategies to reduce the need for research infrastructure. These features facilitate the conduct of pragmatic trials, or trials conducted in "real life" settings.

Objective: We describe the recruitment experience of an RCT to evaluate a clinic-based intervention targeting urban youth with asthma.

Enhancing parental motivation to monitor african american adolescents' diabetes care: development and Beta test of a brief computer-delivered intervention.

Background: African American youth are at increased risk for poor diabetes management. Parenting behaviors such as parental monitoring are significant predictors of youth diabetes management and metabolic control, but no intervention has targeted parental monitoring of daily diabetes care.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to develop and pilot test a three-session computer-delivered intervention to enhance parental motivation to monitor African American pre-adolescents' diabetes management.

Exploring the impact of elevated depressive symptoms on the ability of a tailored asthma intervention to improve medication adherence among urban adolescents with asthma.

Background: In patients with asthma, medication adherence is a voluntary behavior that can be affected by numerous factors. Depression is an important co-morbidity in adolescents with asthma that may significantly impact their controller medication adherence and other asthma-related outcomes. The modifying effect of depressive symptoms on an asthma intervention's ability to improve asthma controller medication adherence among urban adolescents with asthma has not yet been reported.