Background: Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) are expressed in milk. Experimental data indicate enhanced brain growth and cognitive development in the mouse offspring given milk deficient in TNF and TNF-dependent chemokines. Although monoclonal antibodies against TNF (TNFmAb) are used during breastfeeding due to minimal milk excretion, whether it affects endogenous TNF levels in human milk is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare the effects of 2 treatment options on neurodevelopmental and laboratory outcomes in young children with nonanemic iron deficiency.
Study Design: A blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of children 1-3 years with nonanemic iron deficiency (hemoglobin ≥110 g/L, serum ferritin <14 μg/L) was conducted in 8 primary care practices in Toronto, Canada. Interventions included ferrous sulfate or placebo for 4 months; all parents received diet advice.
Introduction: School readiness is a multidimensional construct that includes cognitive, behavioural and emotional aspects of a child's development. School readiness is strongly associated with a child's future school success and well-being. The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is a reliable and valid teacher-completed tool for assessing school readiness in children at kindergarten age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn infants 1-3 years of age, we found higher serum ferritin values associated with higher cognitive function, as measured by the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (P = .02 for the nonlinear relationship). A serum ferritin of 17 μg/L corresponded to the maximum level of cognition, beyond which there was no meaningful improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective was to examine the association between mobile media device use and communication delays in 18-month-old children.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2011 and December 2015 within the TARGet Kids! primary care research network. Children were included if parents reported their child's mobile media device use and completed a validated questionnaire for communication delay at the 18-month well child visit.
Background: Communication delays are often the first presenting problem in infants with a range of developmental disabilities. Our objective was to assess the validity of the 18-month Nipissing District Developmental Screen compared with the Infant Toddler Checklist, a validated tool for detecting expressive language and other communication delays.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used.