Fathers' Experience of Their Child's Paediatric Brain Tumour.

Background: This exploratory study explores the impact of paediatric brain cancer on the experiences of the fathers from the time of diagnosis, while most studies have focused on the mothers.

Methods: The content of interviews conducted with six fathers of children who had brain tumours at the age of approximately 10 years was analysed using a qualitative methodology, following the COREQ guidelines.

Results: The fathers first talked about their feelings about the way the brain tumour affected their child and how he/she coped with the illness and treatments, and they also described the difficulties encountered.

Sexual Health of Young Adults Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Paris, France: A Qualitative Study.

We aimed to explore the sexual health of young adults with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV). Eighteen to 25 years old PHIV participants were recruited in two tertiary care units in Paris. Sexually transmitted HIV was an exclusion criterion.

Description of patients with eating disorders by general practitioners: a cohort study and focus on co-management with depression.

Background: International guidelines often state that general practitioners (GPs) provide early management for most patients with eating disorders (EDs). GP management of EDs has not been studied in France. Depressive disorders are often a comorbidity of EDs.

Constructing childhood depression: a qualitative study with international experts in child psychiatry.

After decades of controversy, the concept of childhood depression now seems to be part of standard medical knowledge. Yet the form and content of this nosological entity, like many psychiatric diseases, is continuously shaped by the scientific, clinical, and political communities involved in child psychiatry. In this qualitative study, we explored how the concept of childhood depression is constructed in early twenty-first century child psychiatry.

Chronic conditions, subjective wellbeing and risky sexual behaviour among adolescents and young adults.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between having a chronic condition (CC) and several types of risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among adolescents and young adults. We used data from a multicentre cross-sectional study carried out on 14,431 adolescents from 137 French schools. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between several types of RSB and CCs among the 2680 participants aged 17 years or over who reported sexual intercourse.

Bodily expression of psychological distress in adolescents: a qualitative study.

Introduction: The bodily expression of psychological disorders is one of the leading motives for consultations in adolescent medicine. The diagnostic entity corresponding to DSM-5 "Somatic symptom and related disorders" is sparsely used in the English-language literature, especially for adolescents. Qualitative studies on this topic mostly concern the experiences of healthcare professionals.

Health Literacy throughout adolescence: Invariance and validity study of three measurement scales in the general population.

Objective: To simultaneously investigate the psychometric properties of three recently developed health literacy measurement scales throughout adolescence in the general population.

Methods: French versions of the Health Literacy for School-Aged Children (HLSAC, unidimensional) scale, the Health Literacy Assessment Scale for Adolescents (HAS-A, multidimensional) and the 16-item European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16, unidimensional) were completed by 1 444 adolescents in 8th, 9th, 11th grade in general school and 11-12th grade in vocational school. Psychometric properties were studied using confirmatory factor analysis, McDonald's omega coefficient and hypothesis testing.

Adolescent attendance at transcultural psychotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Migrant adolescents in therapy for psychological problems are at risk of poor attendance or even of dropping out. Transcultural psychotherapy has been developed in France to take cultural diversity into account in psychological treatment and to deal with the specific difficulties encountered in the psychotherapeutic treatment of this population. This study aims to assess adolescents' attendance rates to this form of psychotherapy and to explore the association of these rates with demographic, cultural, and clinical variables.

Epidemiological description of 529 families referred for French transcultural psychotherapy: A decade of experience.

Background: Transcultural psychotherapy (TPT) is an original therapeutic method developed in various forms in France and several other countries in Europe as well as North America to address issues of migrant mental health care when psychosocial, economic, or cultural barriers hinder its accessibility and effectiveness. This study aims to describe the patients referred for TPT in Paris and its suburbs over the past decade, to examine intercultural differences and associations with social, demographic, and clinical variables, and to assess TPT in terms of patient adherence, attendance, and duration of care.

Method: Retrospective study of 529 patients referred for TPT care, classified in three categories-no treatment, initiated treatment, engaged and continuing treatment.

Association between cumulating substances use and cumulating several school, violence and mental health difficulties in early adolescents.

Multiple substances (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other illicit drugs (OID)) have been frequently used in early adolescents maybe due to school, violence and mental-health difficulties. We investigated the associations between substance-use patterns and related difficulties among 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.

The real-life effectiveness of psychosocial therapies on social autonomy in schizophrenia patients: Results from a nationwide cohort study in France.

The objectives of the present study were to describe the prescribing patterns for psychosocial therapies in routine clinical practice and to assess the impact of psychoeducation on symptoms and social autonomy of patients with schizophrenia. We used data from the nationwide French ESPASS observational cohort study including 5967 patients with schizophrenia, which provided data on exposure to psychosocial therapies from 4961 (83%) participants. Patients who initiated psychosocial therapy within the first 3 months of study onset (n=143) were compared to patients not subject to psychosocial therapy throughout follow up (n=4268), using parametric tests.

Erratum to: Do girls with depressive symptoms exhibit more physical aggression than boys? A cross sectional study in a national adolescent sample.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13034-015-0064-5.].

Influence of Depression on Recovery After Major Noncardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To determine the influence of patient depression (and anxiety) on postoperative outcome and surgeons' consideration of it.

Background: Patients' mental state influences the course of nonpsychiatric diseases. Evidence in the surgical setting comes mainly from cardiac-surgery patients and no predictive-model of postoperative outcome considers this dimension.

Do girls with depressive symptoms exhibit more physical aggression than boys? A cross sectional study in a national adolescent sample.

Background: The relationship between depression and aggressive behaviors in adolescents has previously been reported in clinical and epidemiological studies. However, there is conflicting evidence concerning the effect of gender on this relationship. This study tested whether the link between depressive symptoms and physical aggression differed between boys and girls in a large community-based sample of adolescents.

When Assessing Intra-Familial Relationships, Are Sociologists, Psychoanalysts and Psychiatrists Really Considering Different Constructs? An Empirical Study.

This paper aimed to look for the existence of a common core when envisaging intra-familial interactions as perceived by adolescents, which could be shared by sociology, psychoanalysis and child and adolescent psychiatry. An empirical study based on a mixed-method design collected the responses of 194 adolescents to the instruction "In the next half hour, would you please write as freely as you wish about your relationships in your family, explaining how things are". All answers were then analyzed and 18 dimensions related to 3 different theoretical frameworks were rated blind using numerical scores by two independent raters from each discipline.

Multiple curve comparisons with an application to the formation of the dorsal funiculus of mutant mice.

Much biological experimental data are represented as curves, including measurements of growth, hormone, or enzyme levels, and physical structures. Here we consider the multiple testing problem of comparing two or more nonlinear curves. We model smooth curves of unknown form nonparametrically using penalized splines.

Symptoms of depression and anxiety in anorexia nervosa: links with plasma tryptophan and serotonin metabolism.

Depressive, anxiety and obsessive symptoms frequently co-occur with anorexia nervosa (AN). The relationship between these clinical manifestations and the biological changes caused by starvation is not well understood. It has been hypothesised that reduced availability of tryptophan (TRP) could reduce serotonin activity and thus trigger these comorbid symptoms.

Association between Body Mass Index and depression: the "fat and jolly" hypothesis for adolescents girls.

Background: Results concerning the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and depression in adolescence are conflicting, some describing a linear association (increase in BMI with level of depression), some a U-shaped association (both underweight and obesity are associated with high levels of depression), and they mostly concern small samples. The purpose of this study was to describe the association between BMI and depression in a large representative sample of French adolescents.

Methods: The association between BMI and depression, measured on the Adolescent Depression Rating Scale (ADRS), was tested in a French national representative sample of 39542 adolescents aged 17.

Cell cycle control of wnt receptor activation.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6) are transmembrane receptors that initiate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Phosphorylation of PPPSP motifs in the LRP6 cytoplasmic domain is crucial for signal transduction. Using a kinome-wide RNAi screen, we show that PPPSP phosphorylation requires the Drosophila Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) L63.

First positive reactions to cannabis constitute a priority risk factor for cannabis dependence.

Aim: To assess the association between first reactions to cannabis and the risk of cannabis dependence.

Design: A cross-sectional population-based assessment in 2007.

Setting: A campus in a French region (Champagne-Ardennes).

Functional analysis of the group A streptococcal luxS/AI-2 system in metabolism, adaptation to stress and interaction with host cells.

Background: The luxS/AI-2 signaling pathway has been reported to interfere with important physiological and pathogenic functions in a variety of bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of the streptococcal luxS/AI-2 system in metabolism and diverse aspects of pathogenicity including the adaptation of the organism to stress conditions using two serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes, M1 and M19.

Results: Exposing wild-type and isogenic luxS-deficient strains to sulfur-limited media suggested a limited role for luxS in streptococcal activated methyl cycle metabolism.

Has occasional cannabis use among adolescents also to be considered as a risk marker?

Background: The association between cannabis use and health or behaviour problems is quite well established. Little is known about the risk markers related to occasional or former use. This work aims to explore associations between well-being in life and different levels of cannabis use.