Probable interaction between warfarin and rifaximin in a patient treated for small intestine bacterial overgrowth.

Objective: To report a case in which the anticoagulant effects of warfarin were attenuated during concomitant administration of rifaximin, possibly through induction of CYP3A4 following increased absorption of rifaximin in a patient with small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).

Case Summary: A 49-year-old African American female had received effective anticoagulant therapy for 5 months with a target international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.0-3.

[Institutionalization without gaining reputation. The incomplete establishment of pharmaceutical science in the universities of the German Reich and the Federal Republic of Germany until the 1970s].

This article analyzes the highly problematic institutionalization of pharmacy as an independent discipline at universities. Focussing on contemporary documents, collected from 'gateways' of reputational allocation such as appointment procedures, the nominations of examination boards, and the granting of certificates, it can be shown that institutionalization was not identical with reputational allocation, distributed by the scientific community. This means that the cycle of credibility developed by Latour and Woolgar could not be completed.