Quantifying the energy stores of capital breeding humpback whales and income breeding sperm whales using historical whaling records.

Cetacean energy stores are known to vary according to life history, reproductive status and time of year; however, the opportunity to quantify these relationships is rare. Using a unique set of historical whaling records from Western Australia (1952-1963), we investigated energy stores of large cetaceans with differing life histories, and quantified the relationship between total body lipid and length for humpback whales ( ( = 905) and sperm whales ( = 1961). We found that total body lipid increased with body length in both humpback and sperm whales, consistent with size-related energy stores.

SEP Montage Variability Comparison during Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring.

Intraoperative monitoring is performed to provide real-time assessment of the neural structures that can be at risk during spinal surgery. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) are the most commonly used modality for intraoperative monitoring. SEP stability can be affected by many factors during the surgery.

Deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: motor effects relative to the MRI-defined STN.

This study aims to evaluate the improvements of cardinal motor symptoms depending on the stimulation site relative to a standardized, reconstructed three-dimensional MRI-defined subthalamic nucleus (STN.) This retrospective, clinical study includes 22 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, who consecutively underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation. Intraoperative microelectrode recording and clinical testing were performed.

Is expressed emotion related to estimates of ability made by older people with cognitive impairments and their partners?

Objectives: Discrepancies in ratings of ability are used to assess awareness in people with cognitive impairments, and previously have been found to be associated with comorbid depression and carer distress. This study explored how the degree of discrepancy between self-ratings of ability made by older people with a cognitive impairment and informant ratings made by their partners relates to aspects of their relationship quality. It was hypothesised that discrepancies between self- and partner ratings would be associated with partner's expressed emotion (EE), and replicate previous findings for associations with depression and carer distress.

Review of fluorescent standards for calibration of in situ fluorometers: recommendations applied in coastal and ocean observing programs.

Fluorometers are widely used in ecosystem observing to monitor fluorescence signals from organic compounds, as well as to infer geophysical parameters such as chlorophyll or CDOM concentration, but measurements are susceptible to variation caused by biofouling, instrument design, sensor drift, operating environment, and calibration rigor. To collect high quality data, such sensors need frequent checking and regular calibration. In this study, a wide variety of both liquid and solid fluorescent materials were trialed to assess their suitability as reference standards for performance assessment of in situ fluorometers.

A controlled trial of working memory training for children and adolescents with ADHD.

This study assessed the efficacy of a 5-week, intensive working memory training program for 52 children and adolescents (ages 7-17) who had Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other comorbid diagnoses. This study provided a treatment replication since the waitlist control group also completed training and was included in the follow-up data analyses. Parents and teachers completed paper-and-pencil measures of working memory, executive functioning, and ADHD symptoms at baseline, posttreatment, and 4-month follow-up.