Allele-Level Genotyping of More Than a Million Samples: Workflow, Algorithm, and Observations.

The killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor () genes regulate natural killer cell activity, influencing predisposition to immune mediated disease, and affecting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) outcome. Owing to the complexity of the locus, with extensive gene copy number variation (CNV) and allelic diversity, high-resolution characterization of has so far been applied only to relatively small cohorts. Here, we present a comprehensive high-throughput genotyping approach based on next generation sequencing.

Iterative reconstruction of radially-sampled P bSSFP data using prior information from H MRI.

The purpose of this study is to improve direct phosphorus (P) MR imaging. Therefore, 3D density-adapted radially-sampled balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) sequences were developed and an iterative approach exploiting additional anatomical information from hydrogen (H) data was evaluated. Three healthy volunteers were examined at B=7T in order to obtain the spatial distribution of the phosphocreatine (PCr) intensities in the human calf muscle with a nominal isotropic resolution of 10mm in an acquisition time of 10min.

Three-dimensional dictionary-learning reconstruction of (23)Na MRI data.

Purpose: To reduce noise and artifacts in (23)Na MRI with a Compressed Sensing reconstruction and a learned dictionary as sparsifying transform.

Methods: A three-dimensional dictionary-learning compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm (3D-DLCS) for the reconstruction of undersampled 3D radial (23)Na data is presented. The dictionary used as the sparsifying transform is learned with a K-singular-value-decomposition (K-SVD) algorithm.

Anatomically weighted second-order total variation reconstruction of 23Na MRI using prior information from 1H MRI.

Sodium ((23)Na) MRI is a noninvasive tool to assess cell viability, which is linked to the total tissue sodium concentration (TSC). However, due to low in vivo concentrations, (23)Na MRI suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited spatial resolution. As a result, image quality is compromised by Gibbs ringing artifacts and partial volume effects.

Iterative 3D projection reconstruction of (23) Na data with an (1) H MRI constraint.

Purpose: To increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and to reduce artifacts in non-proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by incorporation of a priori information from (1) H MR data in an iterative reconstruction.

Methods: An iterative reconstruction algorithm for 3D projection reconstruction (3DPR) is presented that combines prior anatomical knowledge and image sparsity under a total variation (TV) constraint. A binary mask (BM) is used as an anatomical constraint to penalize non-zero signal intensities outside the object.

Cavity-controlled collective scattering at the recoil limit.

We study collective scattering with Bose-Einstein condensates interacting with a high-finesse ring cavity. The condensate scatters the light of a transverse pump beam superradiantly into modes which, in contrast to previous experiments, are not determined by the geometrical shape of the condensate, but specified by a resonant cavity mode. Moreover, since the recoil-shifted frequency of the scattered light depends on the initial momentum of the scattered fraction of the condensate, we show that it is possible to employ the good resolution of the cavity as a filter selecting particular quantized momentum states.