Laparoscopic repair of large diaphragmatic hernia after left ventricular assist device implantation followed by orthotopic heart transplantation.

In patients with advanced heart failure and deteriorating clinical status, a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can be used as a bridge to transplantation or as an alternative to transplantation. An uncommon complication of orthotopic heart transplant or LVADs is diaphragmatic hernia during implantation or explantation of the device. We describe a patient with a diaphragmatic hernia with incarcerated colon and small bowel treated previously with a HeartMate 3 LVAD and subsequent transplantation.

Portion size can be used strategically to increase intake of vegetables and fruits in young children over multiple days: a cluster-randomized crossover trial.

Background: Although dietary guidelines recommend that vegetables and fruits make up half the diet, it is unclear whether serving vegetables and fruits in larger portions will have sustained effects on children's intake over multiple days.

Objectives: This study tested the effects on children's intake of 2 strategies for increasing the proportion of vegetables and fruits: either adding or substituting extra portions as side dishes at meals and snacks over 5 d.

Methods: In a cluster-randomized crossover design with 3 periods, we provided all meals and snacks for 5 d to 53 children aged 3-5 y in classrooms in their childcare centers.

Family History of GERD Does Not Predict Anti-Reflux Surgery Outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common disease and there is little known about the role family history plays in its disease process and incidence. Our study was designed to compare the patients with first degree relatives with and without the disease and see if there was any difference in patients needing antireflux surgery, the outcomes after antireflux surgery, and whether they needed redo surgery.

Methods: An institutional review board approved registry for patients undergoing antireflux surgery at a single institution was used.

Complications Following Robotic Hiatal Hernia Repair Are Higher Compared to Laparoscopy.

Background: The use of robotic platforms in surgery is becoming increasingly common in both practice and residency training. In this study, we compared the perioperative outcomes between robotic platforms and traditional laparoscopy in paraesophageal hernia repair.

Methods: A retrospective population-based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample for the period of 2010-2015.

Promoting vegetable intake in preschool children: Independent and combined effects of portion size and flavor enhancement.

This study investigated the independent and combined effects on preschool children's vegetable intake of serving a larger portion of vegetables and enhancing their flavor. In a crossover design, lunch was served in childcare centers once a week for four weeks to 67 children aged 3-5 y (26 boys, 41 girls). The meal consisted of two familiar vegetables (broccoli and corn) served with fish sticks, rice, ketchup, applesauce, and milk.

Hiatal hernia repair and magnetic sphincter augmentation to treat laryngopharyngeal reflux aiding the prevention of recurrent laryngeal cancer.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a difficult disease to treat and can result in mucosal injury in the pharynx and larynx. This typically results in symptoms such as cough, hoarseness, and globus sensation, but the manifestation of cancer is a possibility. We present a patient with a squamous cell cancer of the larynx who was diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and found to have LPR.

Portion size has sustained effects over 5 days in preschool children: a randomized trial.

Background: Although short-term studies have found that serving larger portions of food increases intake in preschool children, it is unknown whether this portion size effect persists over a longer period or whether energy intake is moderated through self-regulation.

Objectives: We tested whether the portion size effect is sustained in preschool children across 5 consecutive days, a period thought to be sufficient for regulatory systems to respond to the overconsumption of energy.

Methods: With the use of a crossover design, over 2 periods we served the same 5 daily menus to 46 children aged 3-5 y in their childcare centers.

Both increases and decreases in energy density lead to sustained changes in preschool children's energy intake over 5 days.

Background And Objective: To investigate preschool children's ability to self-regulate their energy intake, we assessed their response to increases or decreases in dietary energy density (ED) over 5 consecutive days, a period likely long enough for compensatory behavior.

Methods: Using a crossover design, over 3 periods we served the same 5 daily menus to 49 children aged 3-5 y in their childcare centers. During each 5-day period, 3 main dishes and 1 snack per day were systematically varied in ED, from baseline ED to either higher ED (increased by 20%) or lower ED (decreased by 20%).

Comparing the portion size effect in women with and without extended training in portion control: A follow-up to the Portion-Control Strategies Trial.

Following a 1-year randomized controlled trial that tested how weight loss was influenced by different targeted strategies for managing food portions, we evaluated whether the effect of portion size on intake in a controlled setting was attenuated in trained participants compared to untrained controls. Subjects were 3 groups of women: 39 participants with overweight and obesity from the Portion-Control Strategies Trial, 34 controls with overweight and obesity, and 29 controls with normal weight. In a crossover design, on 4 different occasions subjects were served a meal consisting of 7 foods that differed in energy density (ED).

Does milk matter: Is children's intake affected by the type or amount of milk served at a meal?

Increasing the energy density (ED) and portion size of foods promotes additional energy intake, but the effect of similar changes in milk is unknown. Using a crossover design, we tested the effect of varying the ED and portion size of milk served with lunch on preschool children's intake. Lunch was served in childcare classrooms on 4 days to 125 children aged 3-5 y (67 boys; 58 girls).