Background: The exstrophy-epispadias complex (EEC) is a spectrum of rare congenital defects affecting the genitourinary system that includes epispadias, bladder exstrophy, and cloacal exstrophy. EEC patients may require several surgeries throughout their lifetime and experience a number of difficulties that may impact their quality of life (QoL), mental health, and psychosocial functioning.
Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to systematically map existing literature that explores the mental health, psychosocial functioning, and QoL of children and adolescents with EEC.
Introduction: The completion of residency and start of fellowship training marks a critical transition for urologists in the pursuit of subspeciality training. Most graduating urology residents are under contract until June 30, and most fellowships are scheduled to begin on July 1. There has been no investigation into the practical implications of fellowship delays in urology from a trainee perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA survey of freshwater ascomycetes conducted along an elevational gradient in Perú in the Districts of Cusco, Junín, and Madre de Dios yielded specimens of Cancellidium applanatum, Cordana abramovii, Sporoschisma juvenile, S. uniseptatum, and S. saccardoi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have changed the concepts of systemic therapy for a variety of advanced solid and hematologic malignancies. However, their toxicity can be significant, and includes both cardiac and non-cardiac effects.
Areas Covered: The authors evaluate comprehensively the adverse cardiovascular portfolio of small molecule TKIs, postulate their underlying mechanisms and offer recommendations regarding prevention and therapy of these toxicities.