Parents' and neonatal healthcare professionals' views on barriers and facilitators to parental presence in the neonatal unit: a qualitative study.

Background: Parent and infant separation in the neonatal unit is associated with adverse health outcomes. Family-integrated care has several advantages and the potential to reduce these adverse outcomes but requires parental presence. This study aimed to explore the views of parents and neonatal healthcare professionals (nHCPs) on barriers and facilitators to parental presence in a Swiss neonatal unit and to identify possible differences between nHCPs and parents, and between mothers and fathers.

Parental perceptions of informed consent in a study of tracheal intubations in neonatal intensive care.

Background And Objective: Obtaining informed consent in neonatal emergency research is challenging. The aim of this study was to assess parental perceptions of informed consent following participation in a clinical trial in neonatal emergency care.

Methods: This was a supplementary analysis of a randomised controlled trial comparing video and direct laryngoscopy for neonatal endotracheal intubation in the delivery room and neonatal intensive care unit.

Influence of Cooperation Work on Management Continuity of Ambulatory Cardiovascular Care: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study in Germany.

Introduction: A wide range of factors influence coordination and continuity of care. The aim of this study was to explore how management continuity of cardiovascular-related ambulatory care is influenced by the following network characteristics: presence of a case coordinator, network reciprocity, network composition and team climate.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included three written surveys.

Attitudes and values towards decisions at the margin of viability among expectant mothers at risk for preterm birth.

Aim: To explore how expectant mothers at risk for preterm birth would like to be involved in decision-making at the margin of viability and what they would base their decisions on.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included a mixed-methods post-hoc analysis alongside a previously reported randomised clinical trial. Expectant mothers between 28 and 36 weeks' gestation who were hospitalised for risk of preterm birth responded to written case vignettes of an impending preterm birth at the margin of viability.

Development of individual competencies and team performance in interprofessional ward rounds: results of a study with multimodal observations at the Heidelberg Interprofessional Training Ward.

Introduction: Interprofessional training wards (IPTW) aim to improve undergraduates' interprofessional collaborative practice of care. Little is known about the effects of the different team tasks on IPTW as measured by external assessment. In Heidelberg, Germany, four nursing and four medical undergraduates (= one cohort) care for up to six patients undergoing general surgery during a four-week placement.

[Measuring individual competencies and team performance in clinical learning settings of interprofessional collaborative practice: Empirical development of the Interprofessional Ward Round Individual and Team Assessment Tool (IP-VITA)].

Background: Interprofessional training wards (IPTW) can contribute to the development of interprofessional competencies. In order to evaluate the acquisition of competencies, instruments are needed that record both team performance and individual competencies in the clinical teaching setting in third-party assessment. This paper describes the Interprofessional Ward Round Individual and Team Assessment-Tool, IP-VITA ("Interprofessionelle Visiten Individual und Team Assessment Tool") and its development.

Keeping up with evidence-based recommendations - a qualitative interview study with general practitioners in Germany on information-seeking behaviour in cardiovascular care.

Background: Due to the nature of their work, general practitioners (GPs) need to be up to date with evidence in various medical domains. While much synthesised research evidence is easily accessible nowadays, in practice, the time to search for and review this evidence proposes a challenge. In German primary care, the knowledge infrastructure is rather fragmented, leaving GPs with relatively few primary care specific resources of information and many resources from other medical fields.

The Influence of Provider Connectedness on Continuity of Care and Hospital Readmissions in Patients With COPD: A Claims Data Based Social Network Study.

Background: Hospital readmission rates are very high in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Continuity of care (CoC) with general practitioners (GPs) and ambulatory specialists can impact readmission rates. This study aimed to identify shared patient networks of ambulatory care physicians and to examine the effect of provider connectedness on CoC and hospital readmissions.

Opinion seeking behaviour of healthcare providers in ambulatory cardiovascular care in Germany: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Healthcare providers' inclination to seek or lead other providers' opinions on clinical topics may influence healthcare practices, particularly regarding their alignment across different providers in controversial domains. This study aimed to explore opinion-seeking behaviours of general practitioners and their impacts on clinical opinions in ambulatory cardiovascular care in Germany.

Methods: Between 2019 and 2021, we performed a written survey in two samples of general practitioners and one sample of self-employed cardiologists in three German states.

Nurses' competence in recognition and management of delirium in older patients: development and piloting of a self-assessment tool.

Background: Delirium is a common condition in elderly inpatients. Health care professionals play a crucial role in recognizing delirium, initiating preventive measures and implementing a multicomponent treatment strategy. Yet, delirium often goes unrecognized in clinical routine.

Measuring continuity of ambulatory cardiovascular care: a cross-sectional study on the applicability of the Nijmegen Continuity Questionnaire in Germany.

Background: Chronic cardiovascular diseases demand continuous care from general practitioners and medical specialists. Especially in fragmented healthcare systems, such as in Germany, a large body of research is devoted to the improvement of care continuity. Meanwhile, measuring continuity of care itself has been a challenge due to the absence of validated instruments.

Patient-reported continuity of care and the association with patient experience of cardiovascular prevention: an observational study in Germany.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are often accompanied by comorbidities, which require good coordination of care. Especially in fragmented healthcare systems, it is important to apply strategies such as case management to achieve high continuity of care. The aim of this study was to document continuity of care from the patients' perspective in ambulatory cardiovascular care in Germany and to explore the associations with patient-reported experience of cardiovascular prevention.

Information exchange networks for chronic diseases in primary care practices in Germany: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Coordination of care requires information exchange between health workers. The structure of their information exchange networks may influence the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery. The aim of this study was to explore and classify information exchange networks in primary care for patients with chronic diseases in Germany.

Contextual factors influencing physicians' perception of antibiotic prescribing in primary care in Germany - a prospective observational study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide challenge for health services and systems alike. To reduce the overuse of antibiotics, multifaceted interventions are often used to achieve sustainable effects. It can be assumed that these effects are influenced by contextual factors.

Analysis of the Localization of NLRs upon Shigella flexneri Infection Exemplified by NOD1.

NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors, able to respond to conserved microbial structures and endogenous danger signals. The NLR NOD1 responds to bacterial peptidoglycan, leading to recruitment of RIPK2, following activation of NFκB and MAPK pathways. In this chapter, we describe a fluorescent light microscopic approach to analyze the subcellular distribution of NOD1 upon infection with the invasive, Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Shigella flexneri.

Effects of personalized invitation letters on research participation among general practitioners: a randomized trial.

Background: Participation of general practitioners is crucial for health care studies. However, recruiting them is an ongoing challenge and participation rates of general practitioners around the globe are often low. One feasible and cost-efficient approach to potentially enhance participation rates among general practitioners are personalized invitation letters, since they may increase one's attention to and appreciation of a study.

Influence of physician networks on prescribing a new ingredient combination in heart failure: a longitudinal claim data-based study.

Background: Since 2016, the combination of sacubitril/valsartan, which combines an angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), has been recommended in the guidelines for the treatment of heart failure. The adoption of new drugs may be influenced by collaboration and exchange between physicians. We aimed to determine whether characteristics of the professional networks of prescribing physicians were associated with the prescribing of ARNI in Germany.

Cellular stress promotes NOD1/2-dependent inflammation via the endogenous metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate.

Cellular stress has been associated with inflammation, yet precise underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, various unrelated stress inducers were employed to screen for sensors linking altered cellular homeostasis and inflammation. We identified the intracellular pattern recognition receptors NOD1/2, which sense bacterial peptidoglycans, as general stress sensors detecting perturbations of cellular homeostasis.

Cooperation networks of ambulatory health care providers: exploration of mechanisms that influence coordination and uptake of recommended cardiovascular care (ExKoCare): a mixed-methods study protocol.

Background: As the number of elderly and multimorbid patients increases, healthcare has become more complex. This requires good coordination of treatment and care given the various  health care professionals involved (e.g.

Exploring early interprofessional socialization: a pilot study of student's experiences in medical history taking.

Traditional hierarchies and structures in healthcare, as well as traditional professional socialization practices, continue to create barriers to effective interprofessional collaboration. Nevertheless, some studies indicate that early socialization with other health professionals can build bridges and improve understanding of each other's roles and contributions to patient care. This pilot study aimed to gain insights into the nursing and medical students' experiences of interprofessional medical history taking during a collective learning activity.

XIAP controls RIPK2 signaling by preventing its deposition in speck-like structures.

The receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (RIPK2) is essential for linking activation of the pattern recognition receptors NOD1 and NOD2 to cellular signaling events. Recently, it was shown that RIPK2 can form higher order molecular structures in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that RIPK2 forms detergent insoluble complexes in the cytosol of host cells upon infection with invasive enteropathogenic bacteria.

Single dose v two-dose antenatal anti-D prophylaxis: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare rates of detectability of circulating Rh(D)-immunoglobulin (anti-D) at delivery with single and two-dose antenatal anti-D prophylaxis (RAADP) regimens; to compare compliance with the two regimens.

Design: Open label, randomised controlled trial between May 2013 and November 2015.

Setting, Participants: 277 women who attended a tertiary obstetric referral hospital in Perth for antenatal care and were at least 18 years of age, less than 30 weeks pregnant and yet to receive RAADP, Rh(D)-negative (negative antibody screen), and who intended to deliver their baby at the hospital.

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Associated Risk of Elevated Blood Pressure: A Cross-sectional Analysis of 3- to 17-Year-Olds in Germany.

Background: As the prevalence of obesity and high blood pressure increases among the population, early action is needed to reduce blood pressure. Certain lifestyles during pregnancy have negative effects resulting in high blood pressure for children and adolescents. Using data from the "German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents" (KiGGS), this study analyzed: (i) the association between low-to-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and the risk of increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and (ii) whether associations were modified by socioeconomic status (SES), prenatal smoke exposure (PSE), and body mass index (BMI) of the children and adolescents.

The interferon-stimulated gene product oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein enhances replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and interacts with the KSHV ORF20 protein.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is one of the few oncogenic human viruses known to date. Its large genome encodes more than 85 proteins and includes both unique viral proteins as well as proteins conserved amongst herpesviruses. KSHV ORF20 is a member of the herpesviral core UL24 family, but the function of ORF20 and its role in the viral life cycle is not well understood.

Weaning Premature Infants from Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - Current Practice and Scientific Evidence.

In the past decade, a number of trials have been conducted to determine the optimal strategy of weaning premature infants from nasal continuous airway pressure (nCPAP). However, a paucity of information exists on how weaning is actually performed in clinical routine. Aim of this study was to investigate the current practice of weaning premature infants from nCPAP in Germany.