Racial Disparities in Flavored Tobacco Product Use, Curiosity, Susceptibility, and Harm Perception, National Youth Tobacco Survey 2019-2020.

Introduction: Studies characterizing differences in youth flavored tobacco product use prevalence, curiosity/susceptibility, and harm perceptions by race and ethnicity are limited. This study comprehensively examines flavored tobacco product use and harm perceptions among U.S.

Disparities in Current Cigarette Smoking Among US Adults With Mental Health Conditions.

Introduction: Prevalence of cigarette smoking is disproportionally high among US adults with mental health conditions. Adults with mental health conditions who smoke cigarettes are at increased risk for smoking-related illness and death compared with adults without mental health conditions.

Methods: We analyzed pooled data from the 2019 and 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to provide national estimates of current cigarette smoking prevalence among US adults aged 18 years or older who reported having in the past year any mental illness, serious mental illness, mild or moderate mental illness, serious psychological distress, and/or major depressive episode (N = 19,398) and state-level estimates for any mental illness.

Substance use among adult marijuana and nicotine e-cigarette or vaping product users, 2020.

Introduction: Co-use of marijuana and tobacco/nicotine have unknown impacts on addiction and health. There are limited data on the extent to which adults are co-using tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)- and nicotine-containing products, in any of their various modes. This study describes adult use of THC- and nicotine-containing products among electronic vaping product (EVP) users.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, product use behaviors among adults after the onset of the 2019 outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI).

Introduction: During the E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) outbreak, patient data on tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, product (EVP) use was collected, but data on non-affected adult product use after the onset of the EVALI outbreak is limited. This study describes adult THC-EVP use after EVALI began.

Methods: THC-EVP use data came from an 18-state web-based panel survey of adult THC- and nicotine-containing EVP users conducted February 2020.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Marijuana Use in e-Cigarettes Among US Youth in 2017, 2018, and 2020.

This study reports the prevalence of ever use of marijuana in e-cigarettes among US youth in 2020 and changes in prevalence from 2017 to 2020 by racial and ethnic groups.

Characterization of trace elements exposure in pregnant women in the United States, NHANES 1999-2016.

Objective: The objective of the current study is to report on urine, blood and serum metal concentrations to characterize exposures to trace elements and micronutrient levels in both pregnant women and women of child-bearing age in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) years 1999-2016.

Cigarette Design Features: Effects on Emission Levels, User Perception, and Behavior.

Objectives: This paper describes the effects of non-tobacco, physical cigarette design features on smoke emissions, product appeal, and smoking behaviors - 3 factors that determine smoker's exposure and related health risks.

Methods: We reviewed available evidence for the impact of filter ventilation, new filter types, and cigarettes dimensions on toxic emissions, smoker's perceptions, and behavior. For evidence sources we used scientific literature and websites providing product characteristics and marketing information.

Smoking Behavior and Exposure: Results of a Menthol Cigarette Cross-over Study.

Objective: Our objective was to improve understanding of the differences in use behavior and exposure when smoking menthol and non-menthol cigarettes using a 2-part cross-over design.

Methods: Adult daily smokers were assigned randomly to alternate between 2 weeks of exclusively smoking a menthol test cigarette or a non-menthol test cigarette. Urine and saliva were collected for biomarker measurements; carbon monoxide (CO) was measured, and participants smoked test cigarettes through a CreSS® smoking topography device during 3 clinic visits.

Method for the Determination of Ammonia in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Using Ion Chromatography.

Ammonia in mainstream smoke is present in both the particulate and vapor phases. The presence of ammonia in the cigarette filler material and smoke is of significance because of the potential role ammonia could have in raising the "smoke pH." An increased smoke pH could shift a fraction of total nicotine to free-base nicotine, which is reportedly more rapidly absorbed by the smoker.

Method for the determination of ammonium in cigarette tobacco using ion chromatography.

Ammonia and other alkaline substances have been postulated to be important in cigarette design. The most significant potential contribution of ammonia is a possible interaction with the native, protonated nicotine in the smoke. Ammonia is more alkaline than nicotine and could facilitate a shift in the acid/base equilibrium where a fraction of the total nicotine converts to the more lipophilic, non-protonated form.