Oral bisphosphonates: Adverse effects on the oral mucosa not related to the jaw bones. A scoping review.

Background: Oral bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of bone resorptive diseases. There is an evidence that oral bisphosphonates can exert adverse effects on the oral mucosa independently of their effects on the jaw bones.

Objective: To systematically map the literature on adverse effects of oral bisphosphonates on the oral mucosa of adults with bone resorptive diseases.