Beauty versus Health-How Eyelash Extensions May Affect Dry Eye Disease?

Eyelash extensions (EEs) are among the most popular cosmetic procedures today. There is no prospective study demonstrating how this procedure affects the ocular surface and eye dryness in particular. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of EEs removal on dry eye symptoms and signs.

CAPSULaser - a new modality in the portfolio of cataract surgeons.

To assess the efficiency and safety of capsulorhexis with CAPSULaser in comparison with standard capsulorhexis performed manually by emerging and established surgeons. Specialized Eye Hospital-Varna Bulgaria. Prospective, randomized, non-masked study.

TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of cosmetics on the ocular surface.

In this report the use of eye cosmetic products and procedures and how this represents a lifestyle challenge that may exacerbate or promote the development of ocular surface and adnexal disease is discussed. Multiple aspects of eye cosmetics are addressed, including their history and market value, psychological and social impacts, possible problems associated with cosmetic ingredients, products, and procedures, and regulations for eye cosmetic use. In addition, a systematic review that critically appraises randomized controlled trial evidence concerning the ocular effects of eyelash growth products is included.

Damage of the ocular surface from indoor suntanning-Insights from in vivo confocal microscopy.

Purpose: To evaluate the ocular surface at the microstructural level of adults who habitually undertake indoor-suntanning utilising in vivo confocal microscopy.

Methods: Participants were prospectively recruited and enrolled into either а study group (n = 75) with a history UV indoor tanning, or a control group (n = 75) with no prior history of artificial tanning. The study group participated in voluntary tanning sessions performed with standard equipment and maintained their usual routine for eye protection.

Handing it to pterygium: Explaining pterygium laterality.

Purpose: To evaluate any correlation between pterygium laterality and patient handedness.

Methods: Our study represents a retrospective observational study of a series of consecutive pterygium patients recruited from two centres. Each patient was assessed for their handedness which was compared to the laterality of their presenting pterygium.

UV damage of the anterior ocular surface - microstructural evidence by in vivo confocal microscopy.

Purpose: To evaluate and describe the microstructural changes at the ocular surface in response to habitual ocular sun exposure, correlate them with the UV protection habits and follow their dynamics using in vivo confocal microscopy(ICM).

Methods: For a period of minimum 4 months 200 subjects (400 eyes), aged 28 ± 7.3 years, were recruited with the agreement that they will spend their summer exclusively in the region of the Black Sea coast at 43 °N latitude and will be examined before and after the summer.

In vivo confocal microstructural analysis of corneas presenting Kayser-Fleischer rings in patients with Wilson's disease.

Purpose: To evaluate microstructural differences between corneas with and without Kayser-Fleischer rings in age-matched subjects with Wilson's disease with neurological symptoms, using confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Methods: The study included 12 subjects with Wilson's disease with neurological symptoms. Twelve corneas presented clinically with classic Kayser-Fleischer rings, visible on slit lamp examination; the other 12 served as controls.

Microstructural evaluation of the mucin balls and their relations to the corneal surface-Insights by in vivo confocal microscopy.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to observe and correlate the characteristics of mucin balls to the ocular surface properties, and furthermore, to report the effect of different mucin balls size and number on structural alteration of the anterior cornea.

Methods: The study included, two groups of patients fitted with one-month continuous, extended wear lenses for therapeutic (group 1) and optical (group 2) purposes; the later serving as a control group. Group 1 was comprised of patients with recurrent erosion syndrome, while group 2 included subjects with mild myopia and voluntary use of continuous wear lenses.

Improved corneal wound healing through modulation of gap junction communication using connexin43-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides.

Purpose: Gap junctions play a major role in corneal wound healing. This study used reproducible models of corneal wound healing to evaluate the effect of a gap junction channel modulator, connexin43 (Cx43) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AsODN), on corneal healing dynamics.

Methods: A mechanical scrape wound model was used to evaluate Cx43 AsODN penetration and initial wound reepithelialization 12 hours postsurgery.

Exclusion of known corneal dystrophy genes in an autosomal dominant pedigree of a unique anterior membrane corneal dystrophy.

Purpose: With advances in phenotyping tools and availability of molecular characterization, an increasing number of phenotypically and genotypically diverse inherited corneal dystrophies are described. We aimed to determine the underlying causative genetic mechanism in a three-generation pedigree affected with a unique anterior membrane corneal dystrophy characterized by early onset recurrent corneal erosions, small discrete focal opacities at the level of Bowman layer and anterior stroma, anterior stromal flecks, and prominent corneal nerves.

Methods: Twenty affected and unaffected members of a three-generation family were examined and extensively clinically characterized including corneal topography and in vivo confocal microscopy, and biological specimens were collected for DNA extraction.

Imaging the microstructural abnormalities of meesmann corneal dystrophy by in vivo confocal microscopy.

Purpose: To delineate the microstructural features of Meesmann corneal dystrophy using in vivo confocal microscopy.

Method: Three subjects with clinically diagnosed Meesmann corneal dystrophy were examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and slit-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy.

Results: On slit-lamp biomicroscopy, all subjects demonstrated large bilateral multiple epithelial cystic lesions extending to the midperiphery.

Surgical detachment of Descemet's membrane and endothelium imaged over time by in vivo confocal microscopy.

A 90-year-old woman developed a large circular capsulorhexis-like defect in Descemet's membrane as a complication of small incision cataract surgery. Nine months post-surgery, in vivo confocal microscopic examination of the temporal mid-peripheral cornea revealed an endothelial cell density of 934 +/- 69 cells/mm2 (normal range 1566-3088 cells/mm2). Endothelial pigmented deposits were visible as scattered hyper-reflective areas on the posterior endothelial surface.

In vivo confocal microscopic characteristics of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.

Purpose: To analyse five cases of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome and describe the microstructural characteristics observed by in vivo confocal microscopy.

Methods: All five subjects presented with clinical characteristics suggestive of ICE syndrome and were examined clinically by Orbscan II pachymetry and by in vivo confocal microscopy. At least 600 sequential digital confocal images throughout the z-axis were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively for each cornea.

Keratoglobus and posterior subcapsular cataract: surgical considerations and in vivo microstructural analysis.

We report sporadic, bilateral keratoglobus associated with posterior subcapsular cataract in a 43-year-old man. Slitlamp biomicroscopy showed symmetric arcus senilis-like deposits, a polygonal appearance resembling crocodile shagreen, an unusual endothelial appearance, and posterior subcapsular cataract. Orbscan II pachymetry maps (Bausch & Lomb) demonstrated bilateral diffuse corneal thinning (359.

In vivo confocal microstructural analysis and surgical management of Brown-Mclean syndrome associated with spontaneous crystalline lens luxation.

We report 3 members of an extended family who presented with bilateral peripheral corneal edema consistent with Brown-McLean syndrome. On clinical examination, all eyes demonstrated normal central corneas and marked peripheral edema. In vivo confocal microscopy of the peripheral cornea highlighted similar observations in the 6 eyes including endothelial pigmentation, masked stromal structure due to edema, prominent nerves, and localized basal epithelial edema.

In vivo microstructural analysis of the cornea in Scheie's syndrome.

Purpose: To analyze clinical and in vivo microstructural characteristics of both corneas of a 13-year-old male subject with Scheie's syndrome and compare the observations with the pathologic reports in the literature.

Methods: Standard clinical examination and real-time, slit-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy were performed and repeated after 1 year.

Results: In vivo confocal microscopy images at all cellular layers demonstrated brighter intercellular spaces than those of normal corneas.

Analyzing small-incision cataract surgery by Orbscan II fourth-dimensional pachymetry mapping.

Purpose: To assess the changes in pachymetry after routine corneal and scleral tunnel phacoemulsification.

Setting: Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Method: This prospective study comprised 174 eyes of 174 consecutive patients having uneventful, small-incision, sutureless, phacoemulsification cataract surgery; 124 patients had a clear corneal incision and 50, a superior scleral tunnel incision.

Microstructural analysis of Salzmann's nodular degeneration by in vivo confocal microscopy.

A 44-year-old man with symptoms of ocular irritation and corneal changes characteristic of Salzmann's nodular degeneration in the left eye was examined using in vivo confocal microscopy. In vivo confocal microscopy highlighted an irregularly shaped basal epithelium with foci of prominent nuclei, and disrupted anterior stromal architecture with increased reflectivity of extracellular matrix within the nodules. These observations were consistent with prior histopathological descriptions of Salzmann's nodular degeneration.

In vivo and ex vivo in situ confocal analysis of a rat model demonstrating transient 'epithelialization of the endothelium'.

The purpose of this study was to identify the in vivo microstructural characteristics of an animal model of 'epithelialization of the endothelium' that are similar in appearance to the in vivo confocal microscopical appearance of corneal endothelium previously thought to be diagnostic of irido-corneal endothelial syndrome, and correlate these observations with ex vivo in situ confocal microscopical analysis. A rat model (n = 8 eyes)of transient 'epithelialization of the endothelium' resulting from superficial corneal trauma, was developed and analysed using in vivo confocal microscopy. One animal was killed at 48 hand the cornea was immuno-labelled and analysed, using ex vivo in situ confocal digital image reconstruction.