Game-based learning to improve diagnostic accuracy: a pilot randomized-controlled trial.

Objectives: Perform a pilot study of online game-based learning (GBL) using natural frequencies and feedback to teach diagnostic reasoning.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter randomized-controlled trial of computer-based training. We enrolled medical students, residents, practicing physicians and nurse practitioners.

Innovate to eliminate: a prerequisite in NTD programmes.

Innovation plays a critical role in progress towards achievement of the World Health Organization's road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030. As disease prevalence decreases, the cost to identify and treat remaining cases goes up. Additionally, as programmes move to the surveillance phase, diagnostic tests need to be highly sensitive and affordable.

Parenting and caregiving duties as career challenges among clinical microbiologists: a cross-sectional survey.

To estimate the burden of parenting and caregiving duties among clinical microbiologists in Germany and to identify workplace-related support systems and barriers to engaging in career-relevant activities. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted. Participants were asked to answer 37 questions, of which 24 specifically addressed parenting and caregiving duties.

Clinician Conceptualization of the Benefits of Treatments for Individual Patients.

Importance: Knowing the expected effect of treatment on an individual patient is essential for patient care.

Objective: To explore clinicians' conceptualizations of the chance that treatments will decrease the risk of disease outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study of attending and resident physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants was conducted in outpatient clinical settings in 8 US states from June 2018 to November 2019.

Accuracy of Practitioner Estimates of Probability of Diagnosis Before and After Testing.

Importance: Accurate diagnosis is essential to proper patient care.

Objective: To explore practitioner understanding of diagnostic reasoning.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this survey study, 723 practitioners at outpatient clinics in 8 US states were asked to estimate the probability of disease for 4 scenarios common in primary care (pneumonia, cardiac ischemia, breast cancer screening, and urinary tract infection) and the association of positive and negative test results with disease probability from June 1, 2018, to November 26, 2019.

Targeting myostatin/activin A protects against skeletal muscle and bone loss during spaceflight.

Among the physiological consequences of extended spaceflight are loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass. One signaling pathway that plays an important role in maintaining muscle and bone homeostasis is that regulated by the secreted signaling proteins, myostatin (MSTN) and activin A. Here, we used both genetic and pharmacological approaches to investigate the effect of targeting MSTN/activin A signaling in mice that were sent to the International Space Station.

Children's interpretations of general quantifiers, specific quantifiers, and generics.

Recently, several scholars have hypothesized that generics are a default mode of generalization, and thus that young children may at first treat quantifiers as if they were generic in meaning. To address this issue, the present experiment provides the first in-depth, controlled examination of the interpretation of generics compared to both general quantifiers ("all Xs", "some Xs") and specific quantifiers ("all of these Xs", "some of these Xs"). We provided children (3 and 5 years) and adults with explicit frequency information regarding properties of novel categories, to chart when "some", "all", and generics are deemed appropriate.

Six years of clinical follow-up with endothelial cell-seeded small-diameter vascular grafts during coronary bypass surgery.

This clinical study was performed to investigate the patency rate of endothelial cell-seeded small-diameter expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts during coronary artery bypass surgery. Between September 1995 and December 1998, 14 patients (median age: 71 years, range: 61-79 years) received 21 endothelial cell-seeded small-diameter grafts. In all, 43% of the performed implantations were reoperations.

[Case report: Purulent pericarditis caused by candida species--a rare but life-threatening disease in intensive care medicine].

We report a case of a male patient with drug abuse in his medical history who was hospitalized because of a community acquired pneumonia. Subsequently the patient developed an acute lung injury (ARDS) and a fulminant purulent pericarditis accompanied by a pericardial effusion. Caused by the pericardial tamponade cardiac function was severely restricted.

Aortocoronary endothelial cell-seeded polytetrafluoroethylene graft: 9-year patency.

We report a 71-year old man with coronary artery disease. Complete coronary revascularization was not possible with autologous grafts; therefore, a 4-mm expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft was implanted that had been seeded preoperatively with autologous vascular endothelial cells. At 9-year follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic and shows a patent graft.

Electrocardiographic-gated multislice computed tomography for visualization of cardiac morphology in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.

A case of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries in a 64-old-woman is presented. Diagnosis was missed by invasive angiocardiography. Electrocardiographic-gated multislice computed tomography not only demonstrated switching of the aortic root and pulmonary trunk but clearly identified fine morphologic details of the cardiac chambers, including the atypical coronary artery pattern.

Reducing the incidence and severity of pericardial adhesions with a sprayable polymeric matrix.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the antiadhesive properties of a polymeric agent in infants undergoing staged surgical correction of congenital heart abnormalities.

Description: Sixteen infants having staged surgical repair were treated with a polymeric matrix at the completion of the initial surgery. There were 5 untreated controls.

[Certification and quality management of a complex university cardiac center according to law EN ISO 9001: 2000].

Quality management systems can improve quality in health care units. The introduction of a quality management system according to ISO 9001: 2000 in a university department of cardiovascular surgery is described. First a thorough analysis of all processes of patient treatment and clinical research was obtained.

Genomic amplification and oncogenic properties of the KCNK9 potassium channel gene.

Representational difference analysis (RDA) of human breast cancer was used to discover a novel amplicon located at chromosomal region 8q24.3. We examined a series of breast cancer samples harboring amplification of this region and determined that KCNK9 is the sole overexpressed gene within the amplification epicenter.