CIMT 2024: Report on the 21st Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy.

The 21 Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT) Annual Meeting took place from May 15 to May 17 in Mainz, Germany, and was attended by a total of 855 academic and clinical professionals hailing from 33 different countries. The conference served as a platform for these experts to convene and discuss the latest breakthroughs in cancer immunology and immunotherapy research. Dedicated sessions covering advancements in artificial intelligence tools for cancer immunotherapy research, as well as the landscape of cancer care and cancer immunotherapy trials on the African continent, prompted lively and informative discussions among the attendees.

Abortion Care in the United States - Current Evidence and Future Directions.

Abortion Care in the United StatesAbortion services are a vital component of reproductive health care. Jung and colleagues review medication abortion and procedural abortion as well as implications of increasing restrictions on access in the United States.

Self-managed Medication Abortion in the United States.

Self-managed abortion (SMA) is ending a pregnancy without medical supervision, either by obtaining medications (known as self-managed medication abortion) or through other means. Many factors influence a person's decision to pursue self-managed abortion, such as time constraints, financial considerations, and local availability of abortion services. We present on the prevalence, methods and best practices for clinicians in the United States who may interface with individuals undergoing self-managed medication abortion at any point in the process through a harm reduction approach.

Avoiding unintended pregnancy during transition from copper intrauterine device to etonogestrel contraceptive implant: A case report.

We present a patient who experienced an unintended pregnancy after transitioning from the copper intrauterine device to the etonogestrel subdermal implant. When switching from contraceptive methods that do not reliably suppress ovulation, clinicians should consider backup contraception and additional counseling, depending on the specific timing of removal.

Variation in Treatment of Pediatric Tuberculosis Infection in Different Provider Settings.

Objectives: To evaluate implementation of rifamycin-based regimens (RBR) for pediatric tuberculosis infection (TBI) treatment among 3 provider settings in a high-incidence county.

Study Design: A multicenter, retrospective observational study was performed across 3 sites in Los Angeles County: an academic center (AC), a general pediatrics federally qualified health center (FQHC), and department of public health (DPH) tuberculosis clinics. Patients initiated on TBI treatment age 1 months to 17 years between 2018 and 2020 were included.

Breaking the Binary: How Clinicians Can Ensure Everyone Receives High Quality Reproductive Health Services.

The gender binary has historically defined the study and practice of reproductive and sexual healthcare. However, the male and female binary categorization of sex does not adequately define patients seeking reproductive and sexual health. Comprehensive sexual healthcare should consider diverse gender identity and non-heteronormative sexual practices, family planning, sexually transmitted infections, cancer prevention, and sexual function.

Cute Kid? Patient Obesity Status and the Use of Nonmedical Descriptors in Presentations by Pediatric Residents.

Nonmedical descriptors, adjectives that are not related to a medical condition, such as "cute," are often used in presentations in pediatrics. We hypothesize that patterns of their use may reflect obesity bias. Descriptors used by pediatric residents presenting cases of children <9 years in an outpatient clinic during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 academic years were recorded.

Patient perspectives on barriers in obtaining timely abortion care in Los Angeles, California.

Objectives: Although California is a state with supportive abortion policies, recent evidence suggests people may still encounter barriers to obtaining timely abortion care. To provide an in-depth understanding of these barriers and augment existing literature focusing on restrictive and hostile states, we sought to understand the patient perspectives of barriers to timely abortion care in Los Angeles, California.

Study Design: We recruited participants from two, high-volume urban clinical sites and conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 individuals who visited three or more clinics and/or encountered more than 2 weeks between seeking and obtaining their abortion.

Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Conditions Disparities in Medicare Beneficiaries in the State of Michigan.

Background: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and combinations of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) that are leading causes of death (LCD) and confirm that disparities exist between groups based on race and sex.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using 2012 Medicare claims data from beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes over the age of 65 in the state of Michigan.

Results: Female beneficiaries have type 2 diabetes and 1 or more MCCs that are LCD more often than males.

Relationship between treatment-seeking behaviour and artemisinin drug quality in Ghana.

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is currently the recommended first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria infections. However, a significant proportion of ACT is assumed to be of poor quality, particularly in Africa. In addition, little is known about how treatment-seeking behaviour of individuals or drug price is associated with drug quality.

Covert motor activity on NoGo trials in a task sharing paradigm: evidence from the lateralized readiness potential.

Previous studies on task sharing propose that a representation of the co-actor's task share is generated when two actors share a common task. An important function of co-representation seems to lie in the anticipation of others' upcoming actions, which is essential for one's own action planning, as it enables the rapid selection of an appropriate response. We utilized measures of lateralized motor activation, the lateralized readiness potential (LRP), in a task sharing paradigm to address the questions (1) whether the generation of a co-representation involves motor activity in the non-acting person when it is other agent's turn to respond, and (2) whether co-representation of the other's task share is generated from one's own egocentric perspective or from the perspective of the actor (allocentric).

Sharing a bimanual task between two: evidence of temporal alignment in interpersonal coordination.

In recent years, researchers have made many new discoveries in the field of social interaction and have attempted to understand the mechanisms of interpersonal coordination. This research is marked by two streams: On the one hand, there are attempts to explain spontaneous, incidental interpersonal coordination in terms of the behavioral dynamics perspective, and on the other, to explain instructed, intentional interpersonal coordination in terms of joint action. Other paradigms fall somewhere between incidental and intentional coordination, e.

Monitoring the marketing, distribution, and use of Sprinkles micronutrient powders in rural western Kenya.

Background: In 2007, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention partnered with local Kenyan institutions to implement the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education Project, an effectiveness study that used social marketing and a community-based distribution program to promote the sale of Sprinkles and other health products.

Objective: To describe monitoring of wholesale sales, household demand, promotional strategies, and perceived factors influencing Sprinkles sales among vendors.

Methods: Ongoing quantitative and qualitative monitoring of Sprinkles sales began in May 2007 in 30 intervention villages.

Overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in human colon carcinomas.

Background: High concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II have been demonstrated in human colonic adenocarcinomas and exert mitogenic effects through paracrine/autocrine interactions with the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). However, definitive studies of IGF-IR expression in these tissues have not been performed.

Methods: To study changes in the levels of the IGF-IR in colorectal carcinoma, we analyzed the expression of IGF-IR in 40 paired samples of normal and carcinomatous colonic tissue by quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and ligand binding.