Cholecystokinin-8 increases the satiety ratio in diabetic rats more than cholecystokinin-33.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a satiety peptide and a potential anti-diabetic agent, which exists in different forms (e.g. CCK-8 and CCK-33).

Exenatide reduces food intake and activates the enteric nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract and the dorsal vagal complex of the hindbrain in the rat by a GLP-1 receptor.

Unlabelled: Exenatide is a synthetic agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, which has also been shown to reduce food intake. The goal of this work is to test the hypothesis that exenatide reduces food intake and activates the enteric nervous system (ENS; myenteric and submucosal plexuses) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the areas of the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) of the hindbrain that control food intake. EXPERIMENT 1: Five groups of overnight food-deprived male Sprague Dawley rats were injected with exenatide (0.