BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Non-T-cell-inflamed immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironments (TME) are associated with poor responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and can be sculpted by tumor cell genomics. Here, we evaluated how retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor-suppressor loss-of-function (LOF), one of the most frequent alterations in human cancer and associated with lineage plasticity, poor prognosis, and therapeutic outcomes, alters the TME, and whether therapeutic strategies targeting the molecular consequences of Rb loss enhance ICB efficacy. We performed bioinformatics analysis to elucidate the impact of endogenous Rb LOF on the immune TME in human primary and metastatic tumors.

Outpatient Foley catheter induction protocol provides clinical and cost benefits.

Background: Obstetric induction procedures are expensive, and little is known of the specific difference in cost between inpatient and outpatient protocols for these procedures.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the difference in health care costs, maternal and neonatal morbidity, and cesarean birth rates for inpatient versus outpatient Foley induction protocols.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using deliveries from 2013 to 2015 that received an outpatient or inpatient Foley catheter induction.

Prevalence of Cervical Dysplasia in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women at the Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE, Phnom Penh , Cambodia.

Introduction: There is a high burden of cervical cancer in Cambodia, yet published data on the prevalence of cervical dysplasia and the risk factors contributing to the development of pre-cancerous lesions in Cambodian women is very limited. In addition, as it is well known that HIV positivity increases cervical cancer risk, it is important to quantify the prevalence of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma among Cambodian women living with HIV disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 499 HIV+ and 501 HIV- Cambodian women at the Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE.

Performance of the cobas HPV Test for the Triage of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance Cytology in Cervical Specimens Collected in SurePath.

Objectives: Determine performance of the cobas human papillomavirus (HPV) test for triage of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in SurePath.

Methods: Women presenting for routine screening had cervical specimens collected in SurePath and specimen transport medium (STM); those with ASC-US cytology underwent colposcopy. Performance of cobas HPV in SurePath specimens that had undergone a preanalytic procedure to reverse possible cross-linking of HPV DNA was compared with Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) specimens in STM.

Hysterectomy for benign conditions: Complications relative to surgical approach and other variables that lead to post-operative readmission within 90 days of surgery.

Objective: To examine variables associated with hysterectomy-related complications, relative to surgical approach and other variables, that lead to readmission within 90 days of surgery.

Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study for which data were extracted from electronic health records. Data were extracted of all patients (n = 3106) who underwent hysterectomies at 10 Kaiser Permanente Southern California medical centers between June 2010 and September 2011.

Physicians', Nurses', and Medical Assistants' Perceptions of the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in a Large Integrated Health Care System.

Context: Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) decreases risks of cancer and genital warts and the need for gynecologic procedures, yet nationwide vaccination rates are low. Previous surveys exploring this phenomenon have not included input from nurses and medical assistants, who play integral roles in HPV vaccine delivery.

Objective: To understand perceptions of HPV vaccine delivery among physicians, nurses, and medical assistants in a large integrated health care system in Southern California.

Validation of a patient decision aid for choosing between dabigatran and warfarin for atrial fibrillation.

Background: Decision aids have been helpful to support patients in decision-making including anticoagulation. With the introduction of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs), it will be important to assist patients and physicians in shared decision-making about NOACs and warfarin.

Objectives: To validate a patient decision aid (DA) for warfarin versus dabigatran, the first NOAC approved for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Repetitively dosed docetaxel and ¹⁵³samarium-EDTMP as an antitumor strategy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: β-emitting bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals have historically been administered for pain palliation whereas docetaxel prolongs life in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In combination, these agents simultaneously target the bone stroma and cancer cell to optimize antitumor effects. The toxicity and efficacy when each agent is combined at full, recommended doses, in a repetitive fashion is not well established.

Increased error-related brain activity in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder and other anxiety disorders.

The error-related negativity (ERN) is a negative deflection in the event-related potential after an incorrect response that is thought to reflect activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and is often increased in patients with anxiety disorders. This study measured the ERN and correct response negativity (CRN) during an Eriksen flanker task to assess performance monitoring in 26 youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 13 youth with a non-OCD anxiety disorder consisting of either generalized anxiety disorder or separation anxiety disorder, and 27 age-matched healthy controls ranging in age from 8 to 16 years. Compared to healthy controls, ERN amplitude was significantly increased in patients with either OCD or a non-OCD anxiety disorder.

Phase I study of samarium-153 lexidronam with docetaxel in castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer.

Purpose: Early studies of patients with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (CRMPC) suggest that chemotherapy administered with a dose of a bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical is superior to chemotherapy alone. To build on this strategy and fully integrate a repetitively dosed bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical into a contemporary chemotherapy regimen, we conducted a phase I study of docetaxel and samarium-153 ((153)Sm) lexidronam.

Patients And Methods: Men with progressive CRMPC were eligible.

Evaluation of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in normal and preeclamptic women.

Objective: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is synthesized in cardiac ventricles in response to volume expansion. This study evaluated BNP levels to determine trends during pregnancy, and to assess BNP as a diagnostic tool in preeclampsia.

Study Design: We studied 163 BNP levels in 118 pregnant women, ranging from first trimester to term.