Lipid arrays identify myelin-derived lipids and lipid complexes as prominent targets for oligoclonal band antibodies in multiple sclerosis.

The presence of oligoclonal bands of IgG (OCB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used to establish a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), but their specificity has remained an enigma since its first description over forty years ago. We now report that the use of lipid arrays identifies heteromeric complexes of myelin derived lipids as a prominent target for this intrathecal B cell response.

Validation of a real-time urodynamic measure of urinary sensation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and validity of a continuous measurement of urinary sensation during cystometry.

Study Design: Subjects continuously recorded their level of urinary sensation during cystometry with the use of urodynamic diagnoses and responses to the Medical Epidemiologic and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA) and Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI) scales. Trends in urinary sensation recordings by increasing percentage of maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) were captured and compared with the use of growth curves.

An analysis of physical guidance as reinforcement for noncompliance.

Physical guidance is a strategy commonly used for noncompliance. In two experiments, we evaluated reinforcing effects of physical guidance. Experiment 1 include three individuals with developmental disabilities who were noncompliant with tasks.