Elevated circulating Th2 but not group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses characterize canine atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease that causes significant morbidity and affects multiple species. AD is highly prevalent in companion dogs, and the clinical management of the disease remains challenging. An improved understanding of the immunologic and genetic pathways that lead to disease could inform the development of novel treatments.

External ear cytological results and resident flora of clinically normal alpacas (Vicugna pacos).

Background: Otitis is common in alpacas. Suppurative otitis media/interna can be an extension from the external ear canal or from a respiratory infection. Cytological evaluation provides rapid and inexpensive information to assist in therapeutic decision; to date, there is no published information regarding the normal cytological results and flora of the alpaca external ear canal.