Stool titanium dioxide is positively associated with stool alpha-1 antitrypsin and calprotectin in young healthy adults.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2/E171) is used widely in foods, primarily as a food additive. Animal models have shown that chronic TiO exposure may disturb homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract by increasing gut permeability, inducing gut inflammation, and increasing the likelihood of microbial infection. Adults have a wide range of ingested TiO,which span two to three orders of magnitude, with a small portion of individuals consuming near gram quantities of TiO2/day.

Estimation of Titanium Dioxide Intake by Diet and Stool Assessment among US Healthy Adults.

Background: Titanium dioxide (TiO2/E171) is used in foods primarily as a whitening agent. Little is known regarding TiO2 exposure in the United States.

Objectives: To quantify stool TiO2 content among US adults and evaluate its association with estimated intake.

Protein Source and Muscle Health in Older Adults: A Literature Review.

Research shows that higher dietary protein of up to 1.2 g/kg/day may help prevent sarcopenia and maintain musculoskeletal health in older individuals. Achieving higher daily dietary protein levels is challenging, particularly for older adults with declining appetites and underlying health conditions.