[Posttransplant diabetes. Metabolic consequences of posttransplant immunosuppressive treatment].

Posttransplant diabetes (PTDM) is persistent hyperglycemia following organ transplantation and is a serious and frequent complication. PTDM increases the risk of graft failure and cardiovascular disease. The most important factor is the posttransplant immunosuppressive treatment.

Learning grammatical structure with Echo State Networks.

Echo State Networks (ESNs) have been shown to be effective for a number of tasks, including motor control, dynamic time series prediction, and memorizing musical sequences. However, their performance on natural language tasks has been largely unexplored until now. Simple Recurrent Networks (SRNs) have a long history in language modeling and show a striking similarity in architecture to ESNs.

Intravascular ultrasound assessment of remodelling and reference segment plaque burden in type-2 diabetic patients.

Aims: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) assesses arterial remodelling by comparing the lesion external elastic membrane (EEM) with the reference segments; however, reference segments are rarely disease-free. The aim was to assess lesion and reference segment remodelling and plaque burden in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods And Results: We used pre-intervention IVUS to study 62 de novo lesions in 43 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

[Markers of mental health problems based on public health nurses' assessments of 0- to 1-year-old children: the Copenhagen County Child Cohort 2000].

Introduction: Epidemiological studies of psychopathology in the first years of life are few, and the associations between mental health problems in infancy and toddler age and mental health disturbances later in life have not been systematically investigated. This study aimed to investigate whether markers of mental health problems can be identified in the first years of life and thus increase the scientific foundation for prevention early in childhood.

Methods: The population studied was a birth cohort of children born in Copenhagen County in year 2000, the Copenhagen County Child Cohort 2000 (CCCC 2000), which has been followed prospectively from birth.

Unusual balloon rupture during direct stenting with a TaxusExpress stent in a venous graft complicated by vessel rupture: a device-related fatal event.

A 70-year-old male with a prior coronary artery bypass operation presented with increasing episodes of chest pain. Coronary angiography revealed severe disease of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), CX, and RCA. A left internal mammary artery to LAD was patent.

The prevalence of mental health problems in children 1(1/2) years of age - the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000.

Background: The Copenhagen Child Cohort, CCC 2000, was established to investigate developmental psychopathology prospectively from birth in a general population.

Methods: A random sample of 211 children from the CCC 2000 was investigated when the children were 1(1/2) years of age. The prevalence and associates of mental health problems and psychopathology were studied by clinical and standardised strategies, including videotape recordings, parent interviews and the following instruments: The Child Behavior Check List 1(1/2)-5 (CBCL 1(1/2)-5), The Infant Toddler Symptom Check List (ITSCL), Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT), Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II), The Parent Child Early Relationship Assessment (PC ERA) and Parent Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS).

Methyl jasmonate treatment of mature Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees increases the accumulation of terpenoid resin components and protects against infection by Ceratocystis polonica, a bark beetle-associated fungus.

When conifers such as Picea abies Karst. (Norway spruce) are attacked by insects or pathogens, they often respond by producing increased quantities of terpenoid oleoresin. This response can be mimicked in young P.

Exercise-induced rib stress fractures: potential risk factors related to thoracic muscle co-contraction and movement pattern.

The etiology of exercise-induced rib stress fractures (RSFs) in elite rowers is unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate thoracic muscle activity, movement patterns and muscle strength in elite rowers. Electromyographic (EMG) and 2-D video analysis were performed during ergometer rowing, and isokinetic muscle strength was measured in seven national team rowers with a history of RSF and seven matched controls (C).

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus.

The terpenoid and phenolic constituents of conifers have been implicated in protecting trees from infestation by bark beetles and phytopathogenic fungi, but it has been difficult to prove these defensive roles under natural conditions. We used methyl jasmonate, a well-known inducer of plant defense responses, to manipulate the biochemistry and anatomy of mature Picea abies (Norway spruce) trees and to test their resistance to attack by Ips typographus (the spruce bark beetle). Bark sections of P.

IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle from pancreas transplant recipients.

Insulin-dependent diabetic recipients of successful pancreas allografts achieve self-regulatory insulin secretion and discontinue exogenous insulin therapy; however, chronic hyperinsulinemia and impaired insulin sensitivity generally develop. To determine whether insulin resistance is accompanied by altered signal transduction, skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from pancreas-kidney transplant recipients (n = 4), nondiabetic kidney transplant recipients (receiving the same immunosuppressive drugs; n = 5), and healthy subjects (n = 6) before and during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Basal insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 Ser (312) and Ser (616) phosphorylation, IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 phosphorylation were elevated in pancreas-kidney transplant recipients, coincident with fasting hyperinsulinemia.

Outcome of unprotected left main percutaneous coronary intervention in surgical low-risk, surgical high-risk, and acute myocardial infarction patients.

Aim: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of left main (LM) coronary artery stenosis may become an alternative to the standard therapy, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). The purpose of the present study was to describe the outcome after LM PCI in three cohorts of patients: patients with low surgical risk, patients with high surgical risk or patients considered inoperable, and patients with acute ST elevation MI.

Methods And Results: 104 consecutive patients who had LM PCI at the Department of Cardiology, Skejby University hospital between 1999 and 2004 were investigated.

The reliability of the ICD-10 and the DC 0-3 in an epidemiological sample of children 1½ years of age.

The aims of this study were to investigate the reliability of ICD-10 and DC 0-3 in the diagnostic classification of mental health problems in 1½ -year-old children from the general population. The reliability study was conducted as a part of an epidemiological survey of psychopathology in 1½ -year-old children from the general population. In this survey, the children were assessed and diagnosed according to the ICD-10 and the DC 0-3 after a 2-hr session including standardized and clinical methods and videorecordings.

The Copenhagen County child cohort: design of a longitudinal study of child mental health.

Background: Epidemiological studies of psychopathology in the first years of life are few, and the association between mental health problems in infancy and psychiatric disturbances later in life has not been systematically investigated. The aim of the present project was to study mental health problems and possibilities of intervention from infancy and onward.

Methods: The basic study population consists of a birth cohort of 6,090 children born in the year 2000 in the County of Copenhagen, the Copenhagen County Child Cohort, CCCC 2000.

Anatomical and chemical defenses of conifer bark against bark beetles and other pests.

Conifers are long-lived organisms, and part of their success is due to their potent defense mechanisms. This review focuses on bark defenses, a front line against organisms trying to reach the nutrient-rich phloem. A major breach of the bark can lead to tree death, as evidenced by the millions of trees killed every year by specialized bark-invading insects.

Induction of anesthesia in a combative child; management and issues.

A developmentally delayed, 13-year old autistic boy required management of multifocal cerebral and pulmonary tumors, involving several anesthetics over a 4-month period. At each anesthetic he refused premedication, displayed increasing anxiety and became more combative. With parental guidance and involvement, a variety of anesthetists tried a range of techniques to achieve induction, each ultimately resorting to the use of physical restraint.

Exercise-induced rib stress fractures: influence of reduced bone mineral density.

Exercise-induced rib stress fractures have been reported frequently in elite rowers during the past decade. The etiology of rib stress fractures is unclear, but low bone mineral density (BMD) has been suggested to be a potential risk factor for stress fractures in weight-bearing bones. The present study investigated BMD in seven Danish national team rowers with previous rib stress fracture (RSF) and 7 controls (C) matched for gender, age, height, weight and training experience.

Quantitative analysis of the energy requirements for development of obesity.

Objective: Obesity is typically developed over long time and reflected in an energy imbalance, which is too small to be measured and controlled. Our objective is to formulate a mathematical model for the relation between the change in body mass and the values of the energy intake and the energy expenditure, controlled by the physical activity factor PAF. DATA AND THEORY: The uncontrolled components of energy expenditure increases as result of body mass increase: expenditure of a larger mass and expenditure to convert matter in intake into tissue.

Assessment and classification of psychopathology in epidemiological research of children 0-3 years of age: a review of the literature.

The research of psychopathology in children 0-3 years of age is dominated by clinical case studies and theoretical reflections, and epidemiological studies are few. This paper reviews methods to assess and classify psychopathology in children 0-3 years old in an epidemiological context. Diagnostic assessments of children 0-3 years of age are based on information from different sources and investigation of several domains of mental functioning, and the rapid developmental changes and the relationship context are taken into account.

Induction of anatomically based defense responses in stems of diverse conifers by methyl jasmonate: a phylogenetic perspective.

Conifers have evolved constitutive and inducible defense mechanisms to help in both wound healing and defense against attack by bark beetles and other organisms. These defenses include oleoresin, phenolics, and static structures in secondary phloem, such as lignified cells and calcium oxalate crystals, that create physical barriers. We used a phylogenetic approach to investigate the defense anatomy of conifer stems of 13 species from five families following treatment with methyl jasmonate (MJ), a compound that induces defense responses in stems of several Pinaceae species.

[Professionally adequate health care on the Internet].

Background: The Internet is a growing and important source of a multitude of health-related services, the majority of which are information services. New kinds of services are, however, being established, on which the users are patients and the providers are health care professionals.

Material And Methods: Health-related websites are considered from a legal point of view, especially in relation to the legal term of "health care" and the requirements in Norwegian legislation concerning adequate services from the health care professions.