A Rare Case of Posterior Horseshoe Abscess Extending to Anterolateral Extraperitoneal Compartment: Anatomical and Technical Considerations.

Perianal abscess and fistula are 2 distinct entities that share a common pathology. A horseshoe fistulous abscess, a complex type of these conditions, occurs when the suppurative inflammation spreads through the deep anal space to the bilateral ischiorectal fossae. Following the intersphincteric plane, this infection may extend to the pararectal space, forming a supralevator abscess.

A case of a right accessory hepatic duct diagnosed during a Whipple procedure.

Introduction: Although anatomic variations of the bile tract are relatively common and can be present in about 28% of patients, existence of an accessory right hepatic duct that confluence on the common bile duct is quite rare.

Presentation Of Case: We present a rare case of a caucasian 78-years-old patient, with accessory right hepatic duct which was diagnosed intraoperatively. The patient was submitted to Whipple procedure due to a mass in the head of pancreas.

Rare Case of Hepatic Endometriosis as an Incidental Finding: Difficult Diagnosis of a Diagnostic Dilemma.

Endometriosis is the abnormal existence of functional uterine mucosal tissue outside the uterus. It is a usual disorder of women in reproductive age which is mainly located in the female genital tract. Hepatic endometriosis is one of the rarest disorders characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrium in the liver.

The Diagnostic Dilemma of Primary Epiploic Appendagitis and How to Establish a Diagnosis.

Primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) is a relatively uncommon, non-surgical situation that clinically mimics other conditions requiring surgery. In PEA, torsion and inflammation of an epiploic appendix results in localized abdominal pain. This condition may be clinically misdiagnosed, resulting in unnecessary surgical intervention.

Human subcutaneous dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria immitis in a Greek adult.

Human dirofilariasis is a zoonotic infection caused by worms of the genus Dirofilaria. Most reported cases involve Dirofilaria repens, and D. immitis infection has been rarely reported.

Persistent Coughing as the First Symptom of Primary Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Primary appendiceal adenocarcinomas are extremely rare entities. Preoperative diagnosis is very difficult and is mainly based on computed tomography (CT) scan findings. Furthermore, in many cases, difficulties in establishing an accurate intraoperative diagnosis have resulted in a two-stage surgical intervention.