A molecular epidemiological investigation of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in goats and captive Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella marica) in Oman.

Background: Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a fatal WOAH-listed, respiratory disease in small ruminants with goats as primary hosts that is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). Twelve CCPP outbreaks were investigated in 11 goat herds and a herd of captive Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella marica) in four Omani governorates by clinical pathological and molecular analysis to compare disease manifestation and Mccp genetic profiles in goats and wild ungulates.

Results: The CCPP forms in diseased and necropsied goats varied from peracute (5.

Antibacterial Activity of Microbial Natural Products against Bacterial Pathogens of Veterinary and Zoonotic Relevance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered one of the greatest threats to both human and animal health. Efforts to address AMR include implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs and introducing alternative treatment options. Nevertheless, effective treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria will still require the identification and development of new antimicrobial agents.

Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri, an uncommon mastitis and respiratory pathogen isolated in a German flock of goats.

Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. capri (Mmc) is one of the etiological microorganisms of contagious agalactia, which is among the diseases causing the highest economical losses in small ruminants. We report a disease outbreak in a German flock that led to significant suffering of goats characterized by mastitis, arthritis, pleuropneumonia and sudden deaths.

De novo genome assembly resolving repetitive structures enables genomic analysis of 35 European Mycoplasmopsis bovis strains.

Mycoplasmopsis (M.) bovis, the agent of mastitis, pneumonia, and arthritis in cattle, harbors a small genome of approximately 1 Mbp. Combining data from Illumina and Nanopore technologies, we sequenced and assembled the genomes of 35 European strains and isolate DL422_88 from Cuba.

Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Field Strains Isolated from Poultry in Poland.

is an intracellular bacterium belonging to the family. Poultry is considered to be the major reservoir of this agent, which has worldwide distribution and a particularly consistent worldwide occurrence in chicken flocks. The bacterium has been linked to respiratory disease in humans but without definitive confirmation; nevertheless, while it has not been proved to be the cause of human respiratory disease, a recent report from Italy verified its bird-to-human transmission.

A new duplex qPCR-based method to quantify Mycoplasma mycoides in complex cell culture systems and host tissues.

Bacterial pathogen-host interactions are a complex process starting with adherence and colonization followed by a variety of interactions such as invasion or cytotoxicity on one hand and pathogen recognition, secretion of proinflammatory/antibacterial substances and enhancing the barrier function of epithelial layers on the other hand. Therefore, a variety of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models have been established to investigate these interactions. Some in vitro models are composed of different cell types and extracellular matrices such as tissue explants or precision cut lung slices.

Avian Chlamydia abortus Strains Detected in Galápagos Waved Albatross (Phoebastria irrorata).

Galápagos Penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus), Flightless Cormorant (Phalacrocorax harrisi), and Waved Albatross (Phoebastria irrorata) are among the most vulnerable species to natural and anthropogenic factors in the Galápagos Islands. In 2017, a dedicated study was conducted to detect Chlamydiaceae on cloacal swabs collected from 59 albatrosses, 68 penguins, and 10 cormorants in different islands and sites in the Galápagos Archipelago. A real-time PCR method targeting the conserved 23S ribosomal RNA gene of the Chlamydiaceae family detected the presence of the bacterium only in albatrosses from Punta Suárez, Española Island, with 21 positive samples (35.

Occurrence of Chlamydiae in Corvids in Northeast Italy.

occurrence has been largely evaluated in wildlife, showing that wild birds are efficient reservoirs for avian chlamydiosis. In this study, DNA extracted from cloacal swabs of 108 corvids from Northeast Italy was screened for by 23S real-time (rt)PCR. The positive samples were characterised by specific rtPCRs for , , , , and Cloacal shedding of was detected in 12 out of 108 (11.

Looking Inside Non-Destructively: Label-Free, Raman-Based Visualization of Intracellular .

The life cycle of intracellular pathogens is often complex and can include different morphoforms. Treatment of intracellular infections and unperturbed studying of the pathogen inside the host cell are frequently challenging. Here, we present a Raman-based, label-free, non-invasive, and non-destructive method to localize, visualize, and even quantify intracellular bacteria in 3D within intact host cells in a infection model.

Pmp Repertoires Influence the Different Infectious Potential of Avian and Mammalian Strains.

is the etiological agent of chlamydiosis in birds and can be transmitted to humans, causing severe systemic disease. infects a broad range of hosts; strains are isolated not only from birds but also from mammals, where they seem to have a reduced infectious and zoonotic potential. Comparative analysis of chlamydial genomes revealed the coding sequences of polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps) to be highly variable regions.

A New SNP-Based Genotyping Method for : Application to Field Samples for Quick Identification.

(.) is the causative agent of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis. In this study, we extracted single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the whole genome sequences of 55 strains and identified eight major lineages, most of which are host-related.

Bovine Abortions Revisited-Enhancing Abortion Diagnostics by 16S rDNA Amplicon Sequencing and Fluorescence Hybridization.

Abortion in cattle causes significant economic losses for cattle farmers worldwide. The diversity of abortifacients makes abortion diagnostics a complex and challenging discipline that additionally is restrained by time and economy. Microbial culture has traditionally been an important method for the identification of bacterial and mycotic abortifacients.

Development of a species-specific real-time PCR test for Chlamydia psittaci and its employment in the investigation of zoonotic transmission from racing pigeons in Denmark.

Species-specific detection of Chlamydia psittaci is challenging and all published PCR tests have so far shown deficiencies in specificity or sensitivity. The present investigation reports on the development of a species-specific real-time PCR assay for C. psittaci.

Chronic wasting associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae in three ex situ breeding facilities for tropical frogs.

A number of different Chlamydia spp. have been detected in the class Amphibia with C. pneumoniae being the predominant species involved.

Comparative Genome Analysis of 33 Strains Reveals Characteristic Features of and Closely Related Species.

To identify genome-based features characteristic of the avian and human pathogen and related chlamydiae, we analyzed whole-genome sequences of 33 strains belonging to 12 species. Using a novel genome analysis tool termed Roary ILP Bacterial Annotation Pipeline (RIBAP), this panel of strains was shown to share a large core genome comprising 784 genes and representing approximately 80% of individual genomes. Analyzing the most variable genomic sites, we identified a set of features of that in its entirety is characteristic of this species: (i) a relatively short plasticity zone of less than 30,000 nt without a tryptophan operon (also in ), (ii) a characteristic set of of Inc proteins comprising IncA, B, C, V, X, Y (with homologs in and as closest relatives), (iii) a 502-aa SinC protein, the largest among spp.

Development of a Plasmid Shuttle Vector System for Genetic Manipulation of Chlamydia psittaci.

The obligate intracellular bacterium is a known avian pathogen causing psittacosis in birds and is capable of zoonotic transmission. In human pulmonary infections, can cause pneumonia associated with significant mortality if inadequately diagnosed and treated. Although intracellular manipulates host cell organelles for its replication and survival, it has been difficult to demonstrate host-pathogen interactions in infection due to the lack of easy-to-handle genetic manipulation tools.

The Genetic Transformation of Chlamydia pneumoniae.

We demonstrate the genetic transformation of using a plasmid shuttle vector system which generates stable transformants. The equine N16 isolate harbors the 7.5-kb plasmid pCpnE1.

Poultry in Poland as Carrier.

Introduction: The study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of spp. in poultry in Poland and estimate possible transmission to humans.

Material And Methods: Molecular diagnostic methods followed by sequencing and strain isolation were used on cloacal/faecal swabs collected from 182 apparently healthy poultry flocks including chickens, turkeys, ducks, and geese.

A novel synthetic peptide microarray assay detects Chlamydia species-specific antibodies in animal and human sera.

Serological analysis of Chlamydia (C.) spp. infections is still mainly based on micro-immunofluorescence and ELISA.

DNA microarray assay and real-time PCR as useful tools for studying the respiratory tract Mycoplasma populations in young dairy calves.

Purpose: With more than 120 species, the genus Mycoplasma is one of the largest taxa in the class Mollicutes, a group of micro-organisms that are characterized by apparent simplicity and to which important animal pathogens belong. Mycoplasmabovis is the most frequently identified pathogenic Mycoplasma in cattle; however, the prevalence of other Mycoplasma species living in calves' airways is poorly understood. The aim of this work was to characterize the respiratory tract mycoplasma populations in calves on one of the largest dairy farms in Italy using a real-time PCR assay and a DNA microarray assay.

Dissemination and genetic diversity of chlamydial agents in Polish wildfowl: Isolation and molecular characterisation of avian Chlamydia abortus strains.

Wild birds are considered as a reservoir for avian chlamydiosis posing a potential infectious threat to domestic poultry and humans. Analysis of 894 cloacal or fecal swabs from free-living birds in Poland revealed an overall Chlamydiaceae prevalence of 14.8% (n = 132) with the highest prevalence noted in Anatidae (19.

Characterization of Biosynthetic Pathways for the Production of the Volatile Homoterpenes DMNT and TMTT in Zea mays.

Plant volatiles not only have multiple defense functions against herbivores, fungi, and bacteria, but also have been implicated in signaling within the plant and toward other organisms. Elucidating the function of individual plant volatiles will require more knowledge of their biosynthesis and regulation in response to external stimuli. By exploiting the variation of herbivore-induced volatiles among 26 maize (Zea mays) inbred lines, we conducted a nested association mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify a set of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for investigating the pathways of volatile terpene production.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia spp. infection in community-acquired pneumonia, Germany, 2011-2012.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia spp., which are associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), are difficult to propagate, and can cause clinically indistinguishable disease patterns. During 2011-2012, we used molecular methods to test adult patients in Germany with confirmed CAP for infection with these 2 pathogens.

Point prevalence of infection with Mycoplasma bovoculi and Moraxella spp. in cattle at different stages of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) has significant economic consequences and a detrimental impact on animal welfare. Although Moraxella (Mor.) bovis is the primary causative agent, the role of other bacteria, such as Mor.

DNA microarray-based detection of multiple pathogens: Mycoplasma spp. and Chlamydia spp.

Rapid detection of slow-growing or non-culturable microorganisms, such as Mycoplasma spp. and Chlamydia spp., is still a challenge to diagnosticians in the veterinary field.