Radiomics of MRI for pretreatment prediction of pathologic complete response, tumor regression grade, and neoadjuvant rectal score in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiation: an international multicenter study.

Objective: To investigate whether pretreatment MRI-based radiomics of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and/or the surrounding mesorectal compartment (MC) can predict pathologic complete response (pCR), neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score, and tumor regression grade (TRG).

Methods: One hundred thirty-two consecutive patients with LARC who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision (TME) were retrospectively collected from 2 centers in the USA and Italy. The primary tumor and surrounding MC were segmented on the best available T2-weighted sequence (axial, coronal, or sagittal).

Diffusion-weighted MRI in inflammatory bowel disease.

Cross-sectional MRI is an attractive alternative to endoscopy for the objective assessment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diffusion-weighted imaging is a specialised technique that maps the diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues and can be done without intravenous gadolinium contrast injection. Diffusion-weighted imaging further expands the capability of traditional MRI sequences in IBD.