Transmission of dominant strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli between farms and retail stores in Ecuador: Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance.

Thermotolerant Campylobacter is an important zoonotic pathogen known for causing gastroenteritis in humans, with poultry as its primary reservoir. A total of 468 samples were collected, of which 335 were chicken carcass samples (representing the food component), and 133 were chicken caeca samples (representing the animal component). These samples underwent culture, with colonies examined under a microscope.

Prevalence, serovars, and risk factors associated with the presence of in pork sold in public markets in Quito, Ecuador.

Background: are bacteria that include more than 2,500 serovars. Most of these serovars have been linked to human foodborne illnesses, mainly related to poultry and pigs. Thus, these animals are considered the reservoirs of many serovars and strains related to antibiotic resistance.

Evaluation of Virulence of Infantis and Enteritidis with and Models.

Infantis and Enteritidis serovars have been reported as important causes of salmonellosis in humans worldwide. However, the virulence of these two serovars has yet to be compared. To evaluate the virulence of Infantis ( = 23) and Enteritidis ( = 7), we used two models: the Caco2 cells model () and the model ().

Effects of Administration on Intestinal Morphometry and Antibody Serum Levels in -Infantis-Challenged Chickens.

There are no studies reporting the effects of subsp. serovar Infantis (. Infantis) on intestinal architecture and immunoglobulin serum levels in chickens.

Antibiotic prescription patterns and non-clinical factors influencing antibiotic use by Ecuadorian veterinarians working on cattle and poultry farms: A cross-sectional study.

Understanding antibiotic prescription patterns and non-clinical factors influencing antibiotic use is essential for implementing strategies to promote appropriate antibiotic use. There is, however, limited research exploring these issues with Ecuadorian veterinarians. Therefore, a questionnaire was developed and applied cross-sectionally to veterinarians (n = 173) from two professional organizations to explore the antibiotic prescription patterns and non-clinical factors (e.

A PMAxx qPCR Assay Reveals That Dietary Administration of the Microalgae Does Not Affect Infantis Caecal Content in Early-Treated Broiler Chickens.

serovars cause infections in humans. subsp. serovar Infantis is considered relevant and is commonly reported in poultry products.

Antibiotic Resistance Awareness among Undergraduate Students in Quito, Ecuador.

The inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance, which reduces their efficacy. The education of undergraduates is likely to influence their practices. Assessing awareness is critical in the general effort to confront the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Investigating the dynamics of Salmonella contamination in integrated poultry companies using a whole genome sequencing approach.

The study of non-typhoid Salmonella in broiler integrations has been limited by the resolution of typing techniques. Although serotyping of Salmonella isolates is used as a traditional approach, it is not of enough resolution to clearly understand the dynamics of this pathogen within poultry companies. The aim of this research was to investigate the epidemiology and population dynamics of Salmonella serotypes in 2 poultry integrations using a whole genome sequencing approach.

Administration of Dietary Microalgae Ameliorates Intestinal Parameters, Improves Body Weight, and Reduces Thawing Loss of Fillets in Broiler Chickens: A Pilot Study.

This pilot investigation aimed at studying the feasibility of using a low dose (0.2%) of dietary microalgae as a means of improving intestinal morphometry, body weight, and selected meat quality parameters in broilers. A total of 72 one-day-old ROSS 308 male chicks were randomly separated into four groups; three experimental pens in which the birds were fed with biomass from , , and over 30 days and a control group.

A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Knowledge of COVID-19 among Undergraduate Students in North-Central Ecuador.

Adherence to preventive measures is influenced by people's knowledge, attitudes and practices towards a disease; therefore, assessing knowledge of COVID-19 is critical in the overall effort to contain the outbreak. This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduates ( = 3621) of different programs and different levels of education associated with universities in north-central Ecuador. The form consisted of 32 questions covering demographics, symptoms, detection, treatment, transmission, prevention and knowledge of the virus.

The Probiotic Biocenol CCM 7514 Moderates -Induced Body Weight Impairment by Improving Gut Morphometry and Regulating Cecal Cytokine Abundance in Broiler Chickens.

This research was conducted to investigate if the administration of the probiotic could influence body weight, intestinal morphometry and the cecal cytokine response in -infected chickens. Seventy-two 1-day old COBB 500 male chicks were allocated randomly into four experimental groups. (I) Control group (C), in which chicks were left untreated.

Broiler Farms and Carcasses Are an Important Reservoir of Multi-Drug Resistant in Ecuador.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health threat for public and animal health in the twenty-first century. In Ecuador, antibiotics have been used by the poultry industry for decades resulting in the presence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in the poultry meat production chain, with the consequent risk for public health. This study evaluated the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC and genes in third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R ) isolated from broiler farms (animal component), broiler carcasses (food component), and human enteritis (human component) in Quito-Ecuador.

Genomic Epidemiology of Infantis in Ecuador: From Poultry Farms to Human Infections.

is one of the most important foodborne pathogens around the world. In the last years, . serovar Infantis has become an important emerging pathogen in many countries, often as multidrug resistant clones.

Effects of Supplementation on Body Weight and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in -Challenged Chickens.

Due to the interest in using probiotic bacteria in poultry production, this research was focused on evaluating the effects of Biocenol CCM 7514 administration on body weight gain and cytokine gene expression in chickens challenged with . One-hundred and eight 1-day old COBB 500 broiler chickens were equally assigned to four experimental groups at random. In the control group (C) chicks were left untreated, whereas in groups LB and LBCj a suspension of was administered.

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis and Kentucky Isolates Obtained from Layer Poultry Farms in Ecuador.

Five strains of subsp. serovar Infantis and two strains of subsp. serovar Kentucky isolated in 2017 from Ecuadorian layer poultry farms were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology.

Presence and diversity of isolated from layer farms in central Ecuador.

Given the considerable role played by in the incidence of food contamination, around the world, surveillance of this infection is prioritized by both food producers and health care authorities. Data remains insufficient concerning the prevalence of in poultry systems in Ecuador and in Latin America in general. In this study, we evaluated the presence and diversity of serovars in samples taken from 21 layer farms and backyard layers in central Ecuador during August-November 2017.

Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from canine faeces in a public park in Quito, Ecuador.

Objectives: This study focused on estimating the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, carbapenemases and MCR-1-producing Escherichia coli in canine faeces from a public park in Quito, Ecuador.

Methods: Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of E. coli isolated from 50 canine faecal samples recovered from a city park in Quito was performed.

Characterization of cefotaxime resistant Escherichia coli isolated from broiler farms in Ecuador.

Antimicrobial resistance (AR) is a worldwide concern. Up to a 160% increase in antibiotic usage in food animals is expected in Latin American countries. The poultry industry is an increasingly important segment of food production and contributor to AR.

Occurrence, genotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella collected from the broiler production chain within an integrated poultry company.

Salmonella is a common foodborne pathogen in the poultry production systems. Its presence in this food industry is determined by the fact that it can survive and pass throughout the different steps in the poultry production. In this study we aimed to study the occurrence, genotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella collected from the broiler production chain within an integrated poultry company.

Quantification of the Campylobacter contamination on broiler carcasses during the slaughter of Campylobacter positive flocks in semi-industrialized slaughterhouses.

Campylobacter contamination of broiler carcasses has been little studied in semi-industrialized slaughterhouses in developing countries, where several steps are carried out manually or with limited technology. In this study, we performed quantification of the Campylobacter contamination on carcasses at four steps in the slaughter process in three Ecuadorian slaughterhouses. Therefore, 15 Campylobacter positive batches were sampled in three commercial slaughterhouses.

Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in Ecuadorian broilers at slaughter age.

Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of foodborne gastrointestinal infections worldwide. The linkage of human campylobacteriosis and poultry has been widely described.

Prevalence and Diversity of Salmonella Serotypes in Ecuadorian Broilers at Slaughter Age.

Salmonella is frequently found in poultry and represent an important source for human gastrointestinal infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, genotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes in broilers from Ecuador. Caeca content from 388 at random selected broiler batches were collected in 6 slaughterhouses during 1 year and analyzed by the ISO 6579/Amd1 protocol for the isolation for Salmonella.