Contamination of Dental Surgical Masks by Aerosols Generated During Different Dental Treatments.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic raised the question about the extent of microbial exposure encountered by dentists during dental therapy. The purpose of this study was to quantify microbial counts on surgical masks related to duration and type of dental therapy, as well as patient oral health variables.

Materials And Methods: Sterile filter papers were fixed on surgical masks used during routine daily dental therapy.

Correction: Al-Ahmad et al. Biodentine Inhibits the Initial Microbial Adhesion of Oral Microbiota In Vivo. 2023, , 4.

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Longevity of posterior direct versus indirect composite restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The goal of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to compare the longevity of direct and indirect composite restorations in posterior teeth.

Data: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating direct and indirect composite restorations in permanent posterior teeth.

Sources: Three electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane) and Embase) were screened.

Evaluation of the Association of Chewing Function and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in a Population of Individuals Aged ≥ 45 Years and Residing in Communities in Switzerland: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To analyse the association of masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life in a representative population of individuals residing in communities in Switzerland aged ≥ 45 years.

Materials And Methods: In total, 100 subjects completed two dedicated and validated questionnaires on their demographic data and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. A mixing ability test was performed for assessing masticatory performance.

[Risk analysis Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW): checklist for a quick assessment of the risk factors for ETW in the dental practice].

Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW) is the loss of tooth structure without bacterial involvement. As the resulting loss of tooth structure is irreversible, an early evaluation of the multifactorial etiology, accurate diagnosis and regular follow-up are essential. The ETW is dynamic and its progression should be continuously monitored.

Decision making and management of root caries: A practice-based survey.

Objectives: With increasing life expectancy and improved preventive measures, teeth are retained longer, leading to a rise in prevalence of root caries lesions (RCL). However, little is known about how dentists manage this condition. The present survey aimed to evaluate the knowledge of Swiss dentists on decision making and management of RCL.

Is Diet a Determining Factor in the Induction of Gingival Inflammation by Dental Plaque? A Secondary Analysis of Clinical Studies.

The aim was to determine the association between plaque and gingival inflammation reported by dietary interventions. Data of four clinical studies dealing with changed nutrition and gingival examination were reanalyzed with regard to gingival inflammation (GI), plaque (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Dietary changes basically involved avoiding sugar, white flour and sweetened drinks and focusing on whole foods for 4 weeks.

Diagnosing and recording root caries: A survey among Swiss dentists.

Objectives: Despite the increase in the root caries prevalence, little is still known about how dentists manage this condition. The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of dentists on diagnosing and recording root caries lesions (RCL).

Methods: The survey consisted of three domains: (1) dentists' knowledge on diagnosing, recording and managing RCL; (2) information about their current general clinical routines; and (3) their demographics.

Evaluation of the Oral Health Conditions and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in a Community-Dwellers Population Aged ≥ 45 Years in the Canton of Bern: A Preliminary Pilot Study.

Objective: To evaluate oral health conditions and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwellers aged ≥ 45 years in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland.

Materials And Methods: One hundred subjects (63% males; mean age: 73 years), selected randomly using a cluster procedure within the Canton of Bern, underwent a clinical oral examination after completing questionnaires on socio-economic level, medical history, oral health behaviour, and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Descriptive analyses and multinomial regression models were applied to investigate the association between oral health diseases (dental caries and periodontitis) and specific participant characteristics.

Bovine Milk and Yogurt Affect Oral Microorganisms and Biofilms In-Vitro.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of bovine milk and yogurt on selected oral microorganisms and different oral biofilms.

Materials And Methods: Milk was prepared from 0.5% fat (low-fat) and 16% fat (high fat) milk powder.

Biodentine Inhibits the Initial Microbial Adhesion of Oral Microbiota In Vivo.

This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo initial microbial adhesion of oral microorganisms on the biomaterial Biodentine compared to MTA and AH Plus. Cylindrical samples of the materials were prepared, and dentin slabs served as a control. An individual intraoral lower jaw splint served as a carrier for the samples and was worn by six volunteers.

Design, development and validation of a questionnaire to assess dentists' knowledge and experience in diagnosing, recording, and managing root caries.

Objectives: The prevalence of root caries is increasing globally, especially in the elderly population, and even though the number of patients with root caries lesions is augmenting, there are still many discrepancies in how dentists manage this condition. The present study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate how dentists diagnose, record and manage root caries lesions, and to verify the validity and reliability of this questionnaire.

Materials And Methods: An expert panel developed a self-administered questionnaire survey with three domains: (1) dentists' knowledge on diagnosis, recording, and managing root caries; (2) information about their current general clinical routines; (3) their demographics.

Posterior ceramic versus metal restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The goal of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the longevity of indirect adhesively-luted ceramic compared to conventionally cemented metal single tooth restorations.

Data: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating indirect adhesively-luted ceramic restorations compared to metal or metal-based cemented restorations in permanent posterior teeth.

Sources: Three electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane) and Embase) were screened.

An exploratory study on the role of serum fatty acids in the short-term dietary therapy of gingivitis.

A previous randomised controlled trial showed that an anti-inflammatory diet (AID) significantly reduced gingival inflammation despite constant plaque values. This exploratory study investigated the role of serum fatty acids in relation to the observed clinical effects. Therefore, data of thirty participants with gingivitis, following either a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern (PID) rich in saturated fat, omega 6 fatty acids, and refined carbohydrates or an AID for 4 weeks, were correlated with corresponding serum samples for a variety of fatty acids.

Effects of a Non-Energy-Restricted Ketogenic Diet on Clinical Oral Parameters. An Exploratory Pilot Trial.

Ketogenic diets (KDs) may be a helpful complement in the prevention of and therapy for several diseases. Apart from their non-cariogenic properties, it is still unclear how KDs affect oral parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a KD on clinical periodontal parameters.

Antibacterial effect of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide against E. faecalis, A. naeslundii and P. micra.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine in vitro the bactericidal potential of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) alone, potassium iodide (PI) alone, and the two in combination (SDF + PI) against three bacterial species commonly found in root canal samples (Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces naeslundii and Parvimonas micra).

Methods: The potential bactericidal rates for SDF, PI and SDF + PI against E. faecalis, A.

Improving the Efficiency of Photodynamic Chemotherapy in Root Canals against In Vitro.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) on () biofilms in root canals using an 90% isopropanol (IPA)-based photosensitizer and removing excess photosensitizer before light incubation. Three hundred and seven extracted human teeth with one root canal were infected with for 72 h and treated in groups: IPA irrigation; PACT; PACT and final rinse with IPA; PACT with photosensitizer removal using either 0.9% NaCl solution or sterile paper points or both; PACT using IPA-based photosensitizer with and without a final rinse of IPA.

An oral health optimized diet reduces the load of potential cariogenic and periodontal bacterial species in the supragingival oral plaque: A randomized controlled pilot study.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of an oral health optimized diet on the composition of the supragingival oral plaque in a randomized controlled trial. Participants of the standard diet group (n = 5) had a diet high in processed carbohydrates and did not change their dietary behavior during the observation. The healthy diet group (n = 9) had to change the diet after 2 weeks from a diet high in processed carbohydrates to a diet low in carbohydrates, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, rich in vitamins C and D, antioxidants and fiber for 4 weeks.

The Role of Vitamins in Oral Health. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The association between vitamins and oral health have recently been discussed, yielding increased attention from medical and dental perspectives. The present review aimed to systematically evaluate and appraise the most recently scientific papers investigating the role of vitamins in the prevention and treatment of the main oral diseases as hard dental pathological processes and gum/periodontal disease. Randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, comparative studies, validation studies and evaluation studies, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, reporting associations between vitamins and oral diseases or the use of vitamins to prevent or treat oral diseases in patients of any age were included.

Chapter 13: Diet and Periodontal Diseases.

Due to the increasing focus on host inflammatory processes with regard to the aetiology of periodontal disease, diet has become an important factor in host modulation. Recent investigations showed that the industrialized western diet, which is characterized by highly processed foods (processed carbohydrates like sugar, white flour, and processed fatty acids like trans fats) and a low micronutrient density, promotes gingival and periodontal inflammation. On the other hand, a plant-based diet rich in low-glycaemic, complex carbohydrates (like in fruits, vegetables, legumes), Omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients (like vitamins, minerals), phytochemicals, plant nitrates, and fibres seems to bring benefits as well for periodontal inflammation as for caries, and general health.

The influence of an anti-inflammatory diet on gingivitis. A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of an anti-inflammatory diet on different parameters in patients with gingivitis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients were randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group stratified by their plaque values. The experimental group had to change to a diet low in processed carbohydrates and animal proteins, and rich in omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin D, antioxidants, plant nitrates and fibres for 4 weeks.

Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (vis+wIRA) and Chlorine e6 (Ce6) Eradicates Planktonic Periodontal Pathogens and Subgingival Biofilms.

Alternative treatment methods for pathogens and microbial biofilms are required due to the widespread rise in antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has recently gained attention as a novel method to eradicate pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of a novel aPDT method using visible light (vis) and water infiltrated infrared A (wIRA) in combination with chlorine e6 (Ce6) against different periodontal pathogens in planktonic form and within subgingival oral biofilms.

Antimicrobial influence of different root canal filling techniques in experimentally infected human root canals.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial influence of different root canal filling techniques using gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based sealer in experimentally infected root canals of extracted human teeth.

Method And Materials: In total, 96 intact sterilized, permanent human anterior teeth and premolars with single patent root canals were prepared and infected with a clinical isolate of Enterococcus faecalis. After 72 hours, all root canals were sampled using three sterile paper points.

Effect of gaseous ozone on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm-an in vitro study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of gaseous ozone compared to conventional methods against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty-five teeth were infected by E. faecalis and were incubated for 72 h to form biofilm.

A temporary filling material during endodontic treatment may cause tooth fractures in two-surface class II cavities in vitro.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of a zinc oxide/zinc sulphate-based cement as a temporary filling material during root canal treatment on the occurrence of cracks within the filling material or the tooth.

Materials And Methods: Root canals of 122 extracted human molars were prepared using ProTaper instruments. Standardized occlusal-distal cavities were prepared.