Pleomorphic Leiomyosarcoma Presenting as a Upper Back Epidermal Inclusion Cyst.

Leiomyosarcoma is a common sarcoma of both organs and soft tissues; however, large intradermal tumors are extremely rare. Presented is a pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma in a 64-year-old man, initially considered to be a ruptured epidermal inclusion cyst. The patient had a mildly tender, enlarging soft-tissue mass with a central pore on his right upper back.

Pelvic Fragility Fractures: An Opportunity to Improve the Undertreatment of Osteoporosis.

Background: Osteoporosis is often undiagnosed until patients experience fragility fractures. Pelvic fractures are common but underappreciated sentinel fractures. Screening patients with a pelvic fracture for osteoporosis may provide an opportunity to initiate appropriate treatments such as anti-osteoporosis therapy to prevent additional fractures.

Proximal Humerus Fractures in the Geriatric Population Present an Opportunity to Improve Recognition and Treatment of Osteoporosis.

Introduction: Osteoporosis remains an undertreated disease entity causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Proximal humerus fractures are a common sentinel fracture, providing an opportunity to intervene with antiresorptive therapy before more subsequent fractures occur. Despite the success of programs aimed to improve postfracture osteoporosis recognition and management, less than 30% of patients presenting with a fragility fracture are diagnosed or treated for osteoporosis nationally.

Testing advances in molecular discrimination among Chinook salmon life histories: evidence from a blind test.

The application of DNA-based markers toward the task of discriminating among alternate salmon runs has evolved in accordance with ongoing genomic developments and increasingly has enabled resolution of which genetic markers associate with important life-history differences. Accurate and efficient identification of the most likely origin for salmon encountered during ocean fisheries, or at salvage from fresh water diversion and monitoring facilities, has far-reaching consequences for improving measures for management, restoration and conservation. Near-real-time provision of high-resolution identity information enables prompt response to changes in encounter rates.

Divergent immunity and energetic programs in the gills of migratory and resident Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Divergent life history strategies occur in steelhead or rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and many populations produce both migrant (anadromous fish that move to the ocean after rearing) and resident (do not migrate and remain in fresh water) individuals. Mechanisms leading to each type are only partially understood; while the general tendency of a population is heritable, individual tendency may be plastic, influenced by local environment. Steelhead hatchery programmes aim to mitigate losses in wild stocks by producing trout that will migrate to the ocean and not compete with wild trout for limited freshwater resources.

Use of sequence data from rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon for SNP detection in Pacific salmon.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a class of genetic markers that are well suited to a broad range of research and management applications. Although advances in genotyping chemistries and analysis methods continue to increase the potential advantages of using SNPs to address molecular ecological questions, the scarcity of available DNA sequence data for most species has limited marker development. As the number and diversity of species being targeted for large-scale sequencing has increased, so has the potential for using sequence from sister taxa for marker development in species of interest.