Molecular Dynamics Investigations of Dienolate [4 + 2] Reactions.

We report quantum mechanics calculations and quasiclassical trajectory simulations of [4 + 2] reactions using three common dienolate substrates: siloxy dienes, Li dienolates, and conjugated Pd enolates. Asynchronous transition structures and unequal bond formation were invariably found, with average time gaps of developing bonds ranging from 26.5 to >251.

Divergent Catalysis: Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2] Cycloaddition of Palladium Enolates.

An asymmetric decarboxylative [4+2] cycloaddition from a catalytically generated chiral Pd enolate was developed, forging four contiguous stereocenters in a single transformation. This was achieved through a strategy termed divergent catalysis, wherein departure from a known catalytic cycle enables novel reactivity of a targeted intermediate prior to re-entry into the original cycle. Mechanistic studies including quantum mechanics calculations, Eyring analysis, and KIE studies offer insight into the reaction mechanism.

Letter to the Editor Response: Exploring COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Stakeholders in African American and Latinx Communities in the Deep South Through the Lens of the Health Belief Model.

The purpose of this submission to respond to a Letter to the Editor recently submitted regarding our manuscript, "Exploring COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Stakeholders in African American and Latinx Communities in the Deep South through the Lens of the Health Belief Model" published in the American Journal of Health Promotion in February, 2022. The manuscript reported on a study that had as its purpose to qualitatively explore perceptions related to COVID-19 vaccination intention among African American and Latinx participants and suggest potential intervention strategies.

Exploring COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Stakeholders in African American and Latinx Communities in the Deep South Through the Lens of the Health Belief Model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore perceptions related to COVID-19 vaccination intention among African American and Latinx participants and suggest intervention strategies.

Approach: Ninety minute virtual focus groups (N = 8), segmented by county, race and ethnicity were conducted with stakeholders from 3 vulnerable Alabama counties.

Participants: Participants (N = 67) were primarily African American and Latinx, at least 19 years, and residents or stakeholders in Jefferson, Mobile, and Dallas counties.

Probabilistic Structural Atlas of the Inferior and Superior Colliculi, Medial and Lateral Geniculate Nuclei and Superior Olivary Complex in Humans Based on 7 Tesla MRI.

Despite extensive neuroimaging research of primary sensory cortices involved in auditory and visual functions, subcortical structures within these domains, such as the inferior and superior colliculi, the medial and lateral geniculate nuclei and the superior olivary complex, are currently understudied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in living humans. This is because a precise localization of these nuclei is hampered by the limited contrast and sensitivity of conventional neuroimaging methods for deep brain nuclei. In this work, we used 7 Tesla multi-modal (T-weighted and diffusion fractional anisotropy) 1.

A probabilistic template of human mesopontine tegmental nuclei from in vivo 7T MRI.

Mesopontine tegmental nuclei such as the cuneiform, pedunculotegmental, oral pontine reticular, paramedian raphe and caudal linear raphe nuclei, are deep brain structures involved in arousal and motor function. Dysfunction of these nuclei is implicated in the pathogenesis of disorders of consciousness and sleep, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. However, their localization in conventional neuroimages of living humans is difficult due to limited image sensitivity and contrast, and a stereotaxic probabilistic neuroimaging template of these nuclei in humans does not exist.

Hypervascular glioblastoma multiforme or arteriovenous malformation associated Glioma? A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge: A case report.

Background: Simultaneous presentation of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is rarely reported in the literature and needs to be differentiated from "angioglioma", a highly vascular glioma and other differential diagnosis such as hypervascular glioblastoma. Incorporating critical features of both, malignant glioma and AVM, such lesions lack a standard algorithm for diagnosis and therapy due to their rare incidence as well as their complex radiological and highly individualized clinical presentation.

Case Description: We present a case of a 71-year-old female with newly developing motor deficits and radiographic findings of a heterogeneously contrast enhancing right-sided thalamic lesion with highly prominent vasculature.

Surgical treatment options and management strategies of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the lumbar spinal nerve roots.

Spinal nerve root metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is a rare occurrence. In addition to treatment of the primary lesion, surgical resection of the nerve root metastasis, occasionally with sacrifice of the involved nerve, is the accepted standard of treatment. Resection often resolves presenting motor and pain symptoms due to relief of neural compression.

Beneficial effect of subsequent lesion procedures after nonresponse to initial cingulotomy for severe, treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Anterior cingulotomy (AC) can be an effective therapy for patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder who are refractory to traditional medical therapy. For patients who do not respond to AC, the benefit of additional lesion procedures vs continued medical management remains unknown.

Objective: To determine whether a second lesion procedure is beneficial after unsuccessful initial AC.