Influence of embryo transfer depth on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the influence of transfer distance from the fundus (TDF) on clinical pregnancy rate (PR) and ectopic pregnancy rate.

Design: Retrospective cohort. Between January 2000 and December 2001, 699 ultrasound (US)-guided embryo transfers were conducted.

Forceps delivery.

This chapter reviews the role for instrumental delivery in current practice and gives a critical account of current techniques of operative vaginal delivery by forceps. Important issues, including case choice, documentation, forceps application, avoidance of complications, and training and education are included.