In Brief: This review focuses on the enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms to fight oxidative stress by spermatozoa, highlighting the differences among mammalian species. We discuss recent evidence about players that promote and fight oxidative stress and the need for novel strategies to diagnose and treat cases of male infertility associated with oxidative damage of the spermatozoon.
Abstract: The spermatozoon is very sensitive to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels due to its limited antioxidant system.