Detection Rate of F-Fluorethylcholine-PET/CT in relation to PSA Value in PCA Patients Referred with Biochemical Relapse.

Attempts to predict the likelihood of positive morphological imaging related with PSA value in patients referred with biochemical recurrence were the focus of many studies. Using nuclear medicine modalities, numerous studies likewise had been performed for the same purpose, however mostly using C-11-labeled choline. For this purpose, we selected 193 prostate cancer patients from our database between 2006 and 2010.

Increased microcirculation detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is of prognostic significance in asymptomatic myeloma.

This prospective study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) as a non-invasive imaging technique delivering the quantitative parameters amplitude A (reflecting blood volume) and exchange rate constant kep (reflecting vascular permeability) in patients with asymptomatic monoclonal plasma cell diseases. We analysed DCE-MRI parameters in 33 healthy controls and 148 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) according to the 2003 IMWG guidelines. All individuals underwent standardized DCE-MRI of the lumbar spine.

Prognostic significance of increased bone marrow microcirculation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of a prospective DCE-MRI study.

Objectives: Aim of this prospective study was to investigate prognostic significance of increased bone marrow microcirculation as detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for survival and local complications in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: We performed DCE-MRI of the lumbar spine in 131 patients with newly diagnosed MM and analysed data according to the Brix model to acquire amplitude A and exchange rate constant kep. In 61 patients a second MRI performed after therapy was evaluated to assess changes in vertebral height and identify vertebral fractures.

Qualitative and quantitative image analysis of CT and MR imaging in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases in comparison to (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET.

Purpose: To compare lesion conspicuity in patients with liver metastases arising from gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) using MRI, PET and CT.

Materials And Methods: 16 patients with GEP-NETs were evaluated using non-contrast MRI, contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI using Gd-EOB-DTPA and CE-(68)Ga-DOTATOC PET. Quantitative analyses were performed by two blinded readers using ROI-analyses quantifying contrast ratios (CR) between normal liver-tissue and GEP-NET-metastases.

Comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced breast MRI and gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced breast MRI with mammography and ultrasound for the detection of breast cancer.

Purpose: To compare gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI, mammography, and ultrasound for breast cancer detection across different malignant lesion types and across different densities of breast tissue.

Materials And Methods: In all, 153 women with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 3–5 findings on mammography and/or ultrasound underwent identical breast MRI exams at 1.5T with gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine.

Radiation dosimetry and first therapy results with a (124)I/ (131)I-labeled small molecule (MIP-1095) targeting PSMA for prostate cancer therapy.

Introduction: Since the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is frequently over-expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) several PSMA-targeting molecules are under development to detect and treat metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We investigated the tissue kinetics of a small molecule inhibitor of PSMA ((S)-2-(3-((S)-1-carboxy-5-(3-(4-[(124)I]iodophenyl)ureido)pentyl)ureido)pentanedioicacid; MIP-1095) using PET/CT to estimate radiation dosimetry for the potential therapeutic use of (131)I-MIP-1095 in men with mCRPC. We also report preliminary safety and efficacy of the first 28 consecutive patients treated under a compassionate-use protocol with a single cycle of (131)I-MIP-1095.

Comparison of PET imaging with a (68)Ga-labelled PSMA ligand and (18)F-choline-based PET/CT for the diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer.

Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET) with choline tracers has found widespread use for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC). However, choline metabolism is not increased in a considerable number of cases, whereas prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in most PCs. Therefore, a (68)Ga-labelled PSMA ligand could be superior to choline tracers by obtaining a high contrast.

Automated vs. manual pattern recognition of 3D (1)H MRSI data of patients with prostate cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess (1) automated analysis methods versus manual evaluation by human experts of three-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data from patients with prostate cancer and (2) the contribution of spatial information to decision making.

Materials And Methods: Three-dimensional proton MRSI was applied at 1.5 T.

Parametric histogram analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in multiple myeloma: a technique to evaluate angiogenic response to therapy?

Rationale And Objectives: From dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, it is known that microcirculation patterns in multiple myeloma differ depending on the infiltration pattern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histogram analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in MM to monitor early treatment response on the basis of microcirculation patterns.

Materials And Methods: A total of 51 patients with multiple myeloma requiring therapy were examined.

Reproducibility of 3D 1H MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate at 1.5T.

Purpose: To determine the reproducibility of 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((1)H-MRSI) of the human prostate in a multicenter setting at 1.5T.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen subjects were measured twice with 3D point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) (1)H-MRSI using an endorectal coil.

Respiratory-induced prostate motion: characterization and quantification in dynamic MRI.

Background And Purpose: To investigate prostate movement during deep breathing and contraction of abdominal musculature by means of dynamic MRI and analyze implications for image-guided radiotherapy of prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: A total of 43 patients and 8 healthy volunteers were examined with MRI. Images during deep respiration and during contraction of abdominal musculature (via a coughing maneuver) were obtained with dynamic two-dimensional (2D) balanced SSFP; 3 frames/s were obtained over an acquisition time of 15 s.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using patellar tendon versus hamstring tendon: a prospective comparative study with 9-year follow-up.

Purpose: To analyze the long-term evaluation of clinical, functional, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results after implant-free press-fit anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with bone-patella tendon (BPT) versus quadrupled hamstring tendon (HT) grafts.

Methods: Sixty-two ACL-insufficient patients were included in a prospective, randomized study (31 BPT and 31 HT). Both surgical procedures were performed without any implants by a press-fit technique by the senior author.

Diffusion-weighted imaging for non-invasive and quantitative monitoring of bone marrow infiltration in patients with monoclonal plasma cell disease: a comparative study with histology.

Bone marrow plasma cell infiltration is a crucial parameter of disease activity in monoclonal plasma cell disorders. Until now, the only way to quantify such infiltration was bone marrow biopsy or aspiration. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a magnetic resonance imaging-technique that may mirror tissue cellularity by measuring random movements of water molecules.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging of bone marrow in healthy individuals.

Background: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) displays microcirculation and permeability by application of contrast-media and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a tool for quantification of cellularity in the investigated area. Recently published examples cover breast cancer, CNS tumors, head and neck cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, prostate cancer as well as hematologic malignancies.

Purpose: To investigated the influence of age, sex, and localization of the investigated region on findings of DCE-MRI and DWI.

Positive somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in accessory spleen mimicking recurrent neuroendocrine tumor.

We report the case of a female patient who had a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreatic tail. Followup using (68)Ga DOTA-d-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide (DOTATOC) positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) detected a round, well-circumscribed nodular mass that exhibited positive somatostatin receptors. This finding was highly suggestive of an accessory spleen; however, due to the slight elevation of the tumor marker, recurrence of the tumor or lymph node metastasis of the endocrine tumor was considered as well.

Impact of geometric mean imaging in the accurate determination of partial function in MAG3 renal scanning in a patient with retroperitoneal mass.

Liposarcoma frequently occurs in the retroperitoneum and lower extremities, accounting for 20% of all mesenchymal malignancies. Liposarcomas vary by histology and can be classified into four types. Those four types are well differentiated, myxoid/round cell, pleomorphic and dedifferentiated.

Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for Breast MR imaging (DETECT Trial).

Purpose: To intraindividually compare 0.1 mmol/kg doses of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast material-enhanced breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging by using a prospective, multicenter double-blind, randomized protocol.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval and patient informed consent were obtained.

Comparison of peripheral zone and central gland volume in patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: The shrinking effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) on prostate gland volume is a known clinical finding. Until now, it is not known which part of the prostate shrinks more. We examined patients with and without ADT undergoing intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) and performed 3-dimensional measurements of the peripheral zone (PZ) and central gland (CG) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: importance of whole-body versus spinal MR imaging.

Purpose: To examine if standard magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the axial skeleton is sufficient for evaluation of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or if whole-body MR is necessary.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 untreated patients with MGUS (n = 27) or any stages of MM (n = 73) were examined with whole-body MR imaging and MR imaging of the axial skeleton. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee, and written informed consent was given.

Estimating kinetic parameter maps from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using spatial prior knowledge.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) imaging can be used to study microvascular structure in vivo by monitoring the abundance of an injected diffusible contrast agent over time. The resulting spatially resolved intensity-time curves are usually interpreted in terms of kinetic parameters obtained by fitting a pharmacokinetic model to the observed data. Least squares estimates of the highly nonlinear model parameters, however, can exhibit high variance and can be severely biased.

3D reconstructions of the cerebral ventricles and volume quantification in children with brain malformations.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of a semiautomated process to produce three-dimensional reconstructions of the ventricles and calculate ventricular volumes from magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data in children with structural brain abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen children referred for MR imaging of the brain for neurologic symptoms were selected. Seven participants had structural brain abnormalities on MR imaging; seven further participants were age-matched controls with normal brain morphology.

Intraindividual comparison between gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadobutrol for magnetic resonance perfusion in normal brain and intracranial tumors at 3 Tesla.

Background: In vitro studies have shown that the 3-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance (MR) characteristics of high- and standard-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents differ. Such differences may indicate that high-molar (1.0 M) agents offer advantages for perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) at 3T, as has been previously reported at 1.

Changes of prostate gland volume with and without androgen deprivation after intensity modulated radiotherapy - A follow-up study.

Background And Purpose: The shrinking effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on prostate volume is a known finding, but data on volume changes during radiotherapy are inconsistent. We examined patients with and without ADT undergoing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and performed follow-up examinations to study volume changes before and after radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: Prostate volumes between planning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and last available follow-up MRI were retrospectively determined in 39 patients.

Pharmacokinetic analysis of malignant pleural mesothelioma-initial results of tumor microcirculation and its correlation to microvessel density (CD-34).

Rationale And Objectives: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) of the pleura is an aggressive and often fatal neoplasm. Because MM frequently demonstrates marked angiogenesis, it may be responsive to antiangiogenic therapy, but effective methods for selecting and monitoring of patients are further needed. We employed dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) to characterize the microvascularity of MM using both a physiologic and ultrastructural method.

Gain of 1q21 and distinct adverse cytogenetic abnormalities correlate with increased microcirculation in multiple myeloma.

To identify genetic mechanisms controlling bone marrow microcirculation and angiogenesis in patients with plasma cell disease we simultaneously performed bone marrow dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and cytogenetics (iFISH) on CD138 purified plasma cells of MGUS (n=31) and untreated multiple myeloma (MM) (n = 87) patients. The adverse cytogenetic abnormalities gain of 1q21, deletion 17p13 and deletion 13q14 significantly correlated with at least one DCE-MRI finding (aberrant "focal" microcirculation pattern, increase in median microcirculation parameter Amplitude A or exchange rate constant kep). We conclude that gain of 1q21, deletion 13q14 and deletion 17p13 trigger the angiogenic cascade in MM.