Sacral neuromodulation in children and adolescents with defecation disorders.

Background: Even if understanding of neuronal enteropathies, such as Hirschsprung's disease and functional constipation, has been improved, specialized therapies are still missing. Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has been established in the treatment of defecation disorders in adults. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of SNM in children and adolescents with refractory symptoms of chronic constipation.

Suspected Simple Appendicitis in Children: Should We Use a Nonoperative, Antibiotic-Free Approach? An Observational Study.

Background: Simple appendicitis may be self-limiting or require antibiotic treatment or appendectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of a nonoperative, antibiotic-free approach for suspected simple appendicitis in children.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included patients (0-17 years old) who were hospitalized at the pediatric surgery department due to suspected appendicitis between 2011 and 2012.

Interpretable and intervenable ultrasonography-based machine learning models for pediatric appendicitis.

Appendicitis is among the most frequent reasons for pediatric abdominal surgeries. Previous decision support systems for appendicitis have focused on clinical, laboratory, scoring, and computed tomography data and have ignored abdominal ultrasound, despite its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. In this work, we present interpretable machine learning models for predicting the diagnosis, management and severity of suspected appendicitis using ultrasound images.

Standardized Rehabilitation or Individual Approach?-A Retrospective Analysis of Early Rehabilitation Protocols after Isolated Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

(1) Background: Isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears represent a severe type of injury. In hospitals, PCL reconstruction (PCL-R) is less frequently performed than other types of knee surgery. It is unclear whether there is consensus among surgeons on how to perform rehabilitation after PCL-R or if there are different, more individual approaches in daily routines.

Immune-modulating properties of blue light do not influence reepithelization in vitro.

Phototherapy is gaining more attention in the treatment of various diseases. Especially, blue light seems to be a promising approach for wound healing promotion due to its antimicrobial and immune-modulating properties. Despite this, there is only little research focusing on the immune-modulating properties of blue light and its possible effects on wound healing.

Increased Incidence of Perforated Appendicitis in Children During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Bavarian Multi-Center Study.

Since early 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic and statutory preventive reorganization of treatment capacities with cancellation of elective surgery as well as curfew regulations led to vastly decreased utilization of primary health care. To assess whether there are negative effects on pediatric acute care in Bavaria during the spring 2020 lockdown a state-wide retrospective multi-center study was performed to analyze the rate of perforated appendicitis during lockdown. Children who have been operated on during the corresponding period in 2018/19 served as control group.

Using Machine Learning to Predict the Diagnosis, Management and Severity of Pediatric Appendicitis.

Given the absence of consolidated and standardized international guidelines for managing pediatric appendicitis and the few strictly data-driven studies in this specific, we investigated the use of machine learning (ML) classifiers for predicting the diagnosis, management and severity of appendicitis in children. Predictive models were developed and validated on a dataset acquired from 430 children and adolescents aged 0-18 years, based on a range of information encompassing history, clinical examination, laboratory parameters, and abdominal ultrasonography. Logistic regression, random forests, and gradient boosting machines were used for predicting the three target variables.

Does Phototherapy Promote Wound Healing? Limitations of Blue Light Irradiation.

Introduction: Phototherapy is gaining increased attention in the research and treatment of various diseases. In particular, the use of blue light seems to bear promise, owing to its antimicrobial and immune-modulating properties; however, research focused on the effects of blue light on keratinocytes and reepithelization is rare. In addition, few studies to date have evaluated devices that are used in daily hospital routine.

Safety and performance of biodegradable magnesium-based implants in children and adolescents.

Aims: Biodegradable magnesium-based alloy implants represent a promising option in orthopedic surgery, as the clinical outcomes have been reported to be comparable to those of titanium implants and no surgical interventions are required for removal. To date, little is known about the results of the use of these implants in children and adolescents. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the safety and performance of these implants in children and adolescents.

The safety and satisfaction of ovarian tissue cryopreservation in prepubertal and adolescent girls.

Research Question: Is ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) for fertility preservation in prepubertal and adolescent girls safe, and who would benefit most from the procedure?

Design: Survey and retrospective study including patients who had OTC under the age of 18 years in a single centre for fertility preservation. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels were measured as a marker for detection of diminished ovarian reserve.

Results: Fifty-three from 102 women participated in the survey (12 deceased, 19 declined, 17 unreachable, 1 palliative).

A retropharyngeal-mediastinal hematoma with supraglottic and tracheal obstruction: The role of multidisciplinary airway management.

A 77-year-old man suffered hypoxemic cardiac arrest by supraglottic and tracheal airway obstruction in the emergency department. A previously unknown cervical fracture had caused a traumatic retropharyngeal-mediastinal hematoma. A lifesaving surgical emergency tracheostomy succeeded.

Long-term outcome of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) in the treatment of locoregionally metastasised malignant melanoma of the extremities.

Objective: The aim is to analyse a modified standardised HILP procedure regarding the response rates, local recurrences and complication rates.

Patients And Methods: 152 patients (101 females, 51 males) with an average age of 62 years and locoregionally metastasised malignant melanoma underwent HILP using melphalan and dactinomycin between 1992 and 2007. Using M.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in colon cancer: a prospective multicenter trial.

Introduction: The clinical impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in colon cancer is still controversial. The purpose of this prospective multicenter trial was to evaluate its clinical value to predict the nodal status and identify factors that influence these results.

Methods: Colon cancer patients without prior colorectal surgery or irradiation were eligible.