sp. nov., a Gram-positive mesophilic bacterium isolated from plant lesions.

A bacterial strain was isolated from pathogenic lesions of tree leaves from the Teutoburg Forest in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, by culture on non-selective agar plates. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed 100% similarity to and , as well as 99% similarity to and . Here, we used genome-based taxonomy with the Type (Strain) Genome Server (TYGS), which suggests the isolation of a novel prokaryotic strain.

NF-κB in Alzheimer's Disease: Friend or Foe? Opposite Functions in Neurons and Glial Cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devasting neurodegenerative disease afflicting mainly glutamatergic neurons together with a massive neuroinflammation mediated by the transcription factor NF-κB. A 65%-plus increase in Alzheimer's patients by 2050 might be a major threat to society. Hallmarks of AD are neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques.

A Critical Role of Culture Medium Selection in Maximizing the Purity and Expansion of Natural Killer Cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells hold promise in cancer treatment due to their ability to spontaneously lyse cancer cells. For clinical use, high quantities of pure, functional NK cells are necessary. Combining adherence-based isolation with specialized media showed the unreliability of the isolation method, but demonstrated the superiority of the NK MACS medium, particularly in suboptimal conditions.

Serum Induces the Subunit-Specific Activation of NF-κB in Proliferating Human Cardiac Stem Cells.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are often linked to ageing and are the major cause of death worldwide. The declined proliferation of adult stem cells in the heart often impedes its regenerative potential. Thus, an investigation of the proliferative potential of adult human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) might be of great interest for improving cell-based treatments of cardiovascular diseases.

Serum-Induced Proliferation of Human Cardiac Stem Cells Is Modulated via TGFβRI/II and SMAD2/3.

The ageing phenotype is strongly driven by the exhaustion of adult stem cells (ASCs) and the accumulation of senescent cells. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and heart failure (HF) are strongly linked to the ageing phenotype and are the leading cause of death. As the human heart is considered as an organ with low regenerative capacity, treatments targeting the rejuvenation of human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) are of great interest.

Inherent Antibacterial Properties of Biodegradable FeMnC(Cu) Alloys for Implant Application.

Implant-related infections or inflammation are one of the main reasons for implant failure. Therefore, different concepts for prevention are needed, which strongly promote the development and validation of improved material designs. Besides modifying the implant surface by, for example, antibacterial coatings (also implying drugs) for deterring or eliminating harmful bacteria, it is a highly promising strategy to prevent such implant infections by antibacterial substrate materials.

Analyzing Sex-Specific Dimorphism in Human Skeletal Stem Cells.

Sex-related differences are a current topic in contemporary science. In addition to hormonal regulation, cell-autonomous mechanisms are important in bone homeostasis and regeneration. In this study, human skeletal stem cells (SSCs) from female and male adults were cultured and analyzed with immunological assays and osteogenic differentiation assessments.

Aging of Industrial Polypropylene Surfaces in Detergent Solution and Its Consequences for Biofilm Formation.

The performance of plastic components in water-bearing parts of industrial and household appliances, often in the presence of harsh environments and elevated temperatures, critically relies on the mechanical and thermal polymer stability. In this light, the precise knowledge of aging properties of polymers formulated with dedicated antiaging additive packages as well as various fillers is crucial for long-time device warranty. We investigated and analysed the time-dependent, polymer-liquid interface aging of different industrial performance polypropylene samples in aqueous detergent solution at high temperatures (95 °C).

EPO regulates neuronal differentiation of adult human neural-crest derived stem cells in a sex-specific manner.

Background: Sexual differences in the biology of human stem cells are increasingly recognized to influence their proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Especially in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) or ischemic stroke, sex is a key player for disease progression and recovery of damaged tissue. Recently, the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO) has been implicated as a regulator of neuronal differentiation and maturation in female rats.

Genome-Based Analysis of Virulence Factors and Biofilm Formation in Novel Strains Isolated from Household Appliances.

In household washing machines, opportunistic pathogens such as are present, which represent the household as a possible reservoir for clinical pathogens. Here, four novel strains, isolated from different sites of household appliances, were investigated regarding their biofilm formation. Only two isolates showed strong surface-adhered biofilm formation.

Clusters Toxic Nickel Nanoparticles to Enhance Survival.

Microorganisms forming a biofilm might become multidrug-resistant by information exchange. Multi-resistant, biofilm-producing microorganisms are responsible for a major portion of hospital-acquired infections. Additionally, these microorganisms cause considerable damage in the industrial sector.

Targeting Key Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Stem Cells for the Development of Efficient Chemo- and Immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and most common malignant brain tumor with poor patient survival despite therapeutic intervention. On the cellular level, GBM comprises a rare population of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), driving therapeutic resistance, invasion, and recurrence. GSCs have thus come into the focus of therapeutic strategies, although their targeting remains challenging.

Magnetron Sputtering of Transition Metals as an Alternative Production Means for Antibacterial Surfaces.

In the light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and growing numbers of bacteria with resistance to antibiotics, the development of antimicrobial coatings is rising worldwide. Inorganic coatings are attractive because of low environmental leakage and wear resistance. Examples for coatings are hot metal dipping or physical vapor deposition of nanometer coatings.

The Role of Blood-Derived Factors in Protection and Regeneration of Aged Tissues.

Tissue regeneration substantially relies on the functionality of tissue-resident endogenous adult stem cell populations. However, during aging, a progressive decline in organ function and regenerative capacities impedes endogenous repair processes. Especially the adult human heart is considered as an organ with generally low regenerative capacities.

NF-κB in neurodegenerative diseases: Recent evidence from human genetics.

The transcription factor NF-κB is commonly known to drive inflammation and cancer progression, but is also a crucial regulator of a broad range of cellular processes within the mammalian nervous system. In the present review, we provide an overview on the role of NF-κB in the nervous system particularly including its constitutive activity within cortical and hippocampal regions, neuroprotection as well as learning and memory. Our discussion further emphasizes the increasing role of human genetics in neurodegenerative disorders, namely, germline mutations leading to defects in NF-κB-signaling.

The Diminishment of Novel Endometrial Carcinoma-Derived Stem-like Cells by Targeting Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and MYC.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of tumor cells harboring properties that include self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, tumor reconstitution, drug resistance and invasiveness, making them key players in tumor relapse. In the present paper, we develop new CSC models and analyze the molecular pathways involved in survival to identify targets for the establishment of novel therapies. Endometrial carcinoma-derived stem-like cells (ECSCs) were isolated from carcinogenic gynecological tissue and analyzed regarding their expression of prominent CSC markers.

Human Sex Matters: Y-Linked Lysine Demethylase 5D Drives Accelerated Male Craniofacial Osteogenic Differentiation.

Female sex is increasingly associated with a loss of bone mass during aging and an increased risk of developing nonunion fractures. Hormonal factors and cell-intrinsic mechanisms are suggested to drive these sexual dimorphisms, although underlying molecular mechanisms are still a matter of debate. Here, we observed a decreased capacity of calvarial bone recovery in female rats and a profound sexually dimorphic osteogenic differentiation in human adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs).

Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Nano-Copper Added PLA Suited for 3D Printed Face Masks.

The COVID-19 Pandemic leads to an increased worldwide demand for personal protection equipment in the medical field, such as face masks. New approaches to satisfy this demand have been developed, and one example is the use of 3D printing face masks. The reusable 3D printed mask may also have a positive effect on the environment due to decreased littering.

Targeting NF-κB Signaling in Cancer Stem Cells: A Narrative Review.

Among the cell populations existing within a tumor, cancer stem cells are responsible for metastasis formation and chemotherapeutic resistance. In the present review, we focus on the transcription factor NF-κB, which is present in every cell type including cancer stem cells. NF-κB is involved in pro-tumor inflammation by its target gene interleukin 1 (IL1) and can be activated by a feed-forward loop in an IL1-dependent manner.

Neuroprotection Mediated by Human Blood Plasma in Mouse Hippocampal Slice Cultures and in Oxidatively Stressed Human Neurons.

Neuroprotection from oxidative stress is critical during neuronal development and maintenance but also plays a major role in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of various neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence in the murine system suggests neuroprotective effects of blood plasma on the aged or diseased brain. However, little is known about plasma-mediated effects on human neurons.

Analysis of Several Pathways for Efficient Killing of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: A Central Role of NF-κB RELA.

Prostate cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. Here, we isolated cancer stem cells (CSCs) from four adenocarcinomas of the prostate (Gleason scores from 3 + 3 up to 4 + 5). CSCs were characterized by the expression of the stem cell markers , the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (), the transcription factors SNAI1 () and SNAI2 () and cancer markers such as CD44 and prominin-1 (CD133).

The Transcription Factor NF-κB in Stem Cells and Development.

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) belongs to a family of transcription factors known to regulate a broad range of processes such as immune cell function, proliferation and cancer, neuroprotection, and long-term memory. Upcoming fields of NF-κB research include its role in stem cells and developmental processes. In the present review, we discuss one role of NF-κB in development in , , mice, and humans in accordance with the concept of evo-devo (evolutionary developmental biology).

Human Blood Serum Induces p38-MAPK- and Hsp27-Dependent Migration Dynamics of Adult Human Cardiac Stem Cells: Single-Cell Analysis via a Microfluidic-Based Cultivation Platform.

Migratory capabilities of adult human stem cells are vital for assuring endogenous tissue regeneration and stem cell-based clinical applications. Although human blood serum has been shown to be beneficial for cell migration and proliferation, little is known about its impact on the migratory behavior of cardiac stem cells and underlying signaling pathways. Within this study, we investigated the effects of human blood serum on primary human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) from the adult heart auricle.

Strategies to Improve Bone Healing: Innovative Surgical Implants Meet Nano-/Micro-Topography of Bone Scaffolds.

Successful fracture healing is dependent on an optimal mechanical and biological environment at the fracture site. Disturbances in fracture healing (non-union) or even critical size bone defects, where void volume is larger than the self-healing capacity of bone tissue, are great challenges for orthopedic surgeons. To address these challenges, new surgical implant concepts have been recently developed to optimize mechanical conditions.

Identification of Microorganisms from Several Surfaces by MALDI-TOF MS: Is Leading in Biofilm Formation.

New ecological trends and changes in consumer behavior are known to favor biofilm formation in household appliances, increasing the need for new antimicrobial materials and surfaces. Their development requires laboratory-cultivated biofilms, or biofilm model systems (BMS), which allow for accelerated growth and offer better understanding of the underlying formation mechanisms. Here, we identified bacterial strains in wildtype biofilms from a variety of materials from domestic appliances using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS).