Hyaluronic acid plus mannitol treatment for improved skin hydration and elasticity.

Background: Mesotherapy treatment of aging skin aims to replace depleting levels of minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and hyaluronic acid (HA).

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of 13.5 mg/g uncross-linked HA+0.

[Atypical bipolar disorders].

Some epidemiologic data reveal how difficult detecting atypic bipolar disorders is: 9 years of progression before the diagnosis is properly established and a specific treatment is initiated, and intervention of 4 to 5 different specialists. Incomplete symptomatology, impulsive actions, periodic alcohol abuse, compulsive buying behaviors, acute delusional episodes, medicolegal actions and comorbidities can hide or modify bipolar symptomatology. Bipolarity should be systematically screened for in case of substance abuse (40 to 60 percent of bipolar disorders), anxiety disorders (panic disorder, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders etc.

[Which signs in a depressed patient could indicate a manic transformation?].

Which signs in a depressed patient could indicate a manic transformation? All depressive states can give way to a state of manic excitation. The transformation can be spontaneous or favoured by antidepressants. The principal indices of risk of mood transformation are a personal or family history of mood disorders, thymic lability, marked psychomotor inhibition, the existence of overeating and hypersomnia, early age of onset, acute onset and resolution of episodes.

[Management of bipolar disorders].

Management of the bipolar disorders is well codified and rests on the prescription of mood stabilisers and psychotherapeutic measures. Mood stabilisers have considerably improved the prognosis of bipolar disorder, in limiting the number of recurrences. Lithium is still the leader of mood stabilisers.