New compact micro-hole zone catheter enables women to achieve effective bladder emptying without flow-stops.

Background: Clean intermittent self-catheterisation (CISC) with conventional eyelet catheters (CECs) is associated with urine flow-stops, which require the catheter to be repositioned so flow can resume. Flow-stops often occur because bladder mucosa is sucked into the eyelets.

Aims: This investigation aimed to compare the bladder-emptying performance of the micro-hole zone catheter (MHZC) with the CEC.

The impact of bladder problems on well-being in multiple sclerosis - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) frequently suffer from bladder problems that are not identified and managed optimally, reducing quality of life and increasing risk of health consequences.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate associations between bladder problems and well-being of pwMS.

Methods: The study included 1872 pwMS from France, Germany, Italy, and the UK self-reporting on demographics, MS status, bladder problems and management, and well-being.

Neuroplasticity at Home: Improving Home-Based Motor Learning Through Technological Solutions. A Review.

Effective science-based motor rehabilitation requires high volume of individualized, intense physical training, which can be difficult to achieve exclusively through physical 1-on-1 sessions with a therapist. Home-based training, enhanced by technological solutions, could be a tool to help facilitate the important factors for neuroplastic motor improvements. This review aimed to discover how the inclusion of modern information and communications technology in home-based training programs can promote key neuroplastic factors associated with motor learning in neurological disabilities and identify which challenges are still needed to overcome.

Corticomuscular coherence is reduced in relation to dorsiflexion fatigability to the same extent in adults with cerebral palsy as in neurologically intact adults.

Purpose: Fatigue is frequent in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and it is unclear whether this is due to altered corticospinal drive. We aimed to compare changes in corticospinal drive following sustained muscle contractions in adults with CP and neurologically intact (NI) adults.

Methods: Fourteen adults with CP [age 37.

Muscle Contractures in Adults With Cerebral Palsy Characterized by Combined Ultrasound-Derived Echo Intensity and Handheld Dynamometry Measures.

We used ultrasound-derived echo intensity and hand-held dynamometry to characterize plantar flexor muscle contractures in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Eleven adults with CP (aged 41 ± 12 y, Gross Motor Function Classification System I-II) and 11 neurologically intact adults (aged 35 ± 10 y) participated in the study. Echo intensity was measured from the medial gastrocnemius muscle using brightness mode ultrasound.

Quantitative MRI and Clinical Assessment of Muscle Function in Adults With Cerebral Palsy.

To relate quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of ankle plantar flexor muscles to clinical functional tests in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and neurologically intact (NI) adults. Eleven adults with CP (aged 41 ± 12, GMFCS level I-II) and 11 NI adults (aged 35 ± 10) participated in this case-control study. We used MRI to assess muscle volume and composition of the triceps surae muscles.

Using both electromyography and movement disorder assessment improved the classification of children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy.

Aim: Children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) are often severely affected and effective treatment is difficult, due to different underlying disease mechanisms. Comprehensive systematic movement disorder evaluations were carried out on patients with this disorder.

Methods: Patients born from 1995 to 2007 were identified from the Danish Cerebral Palsy Register and referrals to the neuropaediatric centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen.

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex after Skill Acquisition Improves Motor Memory Retention in Humans: A Double-Blinded Sham-Controlled Study.

Consolidation leading to retention of motor memory following motor practice involves activity-dependent plastic processes in the corticospinal system. To investigate whether beta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied immediately following skill acquisition can enhance ongoing consolidation processes and thereby motor skill retention 20 adults participated in a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study. Participants received tACS at peak beta-band corticomuscular coherence (CMC) frequency or sham tACS for 10 min following practice of a visuomotor ankle dorsiflexion task.

Sustained involuntary muscle activity in cerebral palsy and stroke: same symptom, diverse mechanisms.

Individuals with lesions of central motor pathways frequently suffer from sustained involuntary muscle activity. This symptom shares clinical characteristics with dystonia but is observable in individuals classified as spastic. The term spastic dystonia has been introduced, although the underlying mechanisms of involuntary activity are not clarified and vary between individuals depending on the disorder.

Transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation increases corticospinal transmission and enhances voluntary motor output in humans.

Optimization of motor performance is of importance in daily life, in relation to recovery following injury as well as for elite sports performance. The present study investigated whether transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) may enhance voluntary ballistic activation of ankle muscles and descending activation of spinal motor neurons in able-bodied adults. Forty-one adults (21 men; 24.

Spasticity in adults with cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis measured by objective clinically applicable technique.

Objective: The present study evaluated ankle stiffness in adults with and without neurological disorders and investigated the accuracy and reproducibility of a clinically applicable method using a dynamometer.

Methods: Measurements were obtained from 8 healthy subjects (age 39.3), 9 subjects with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) (age 39.

Feedforward neural control of toe walking in humans.

Key Points: Activation of ankle muscles at ground contact during toe walking is unaltered when sensory feedback is blocked or the ground is suddenly dropped. Responses in the soleus muscle to transcranial magnetic stimulation, but not peripheral nerve stimulation, are facilitated at ground contact during toe walking. We argue that toe walking is supported by feedforward control at ground contact.

Characterization of corticospinal activation of finger motor neurons during precision and power grip in humans.

Direct and indirect corticospinal pathways to finger muscles may play a different role in control of the upper extremity. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and coherence analysis to characterize the corticospinal drive to the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) when active during a precision and power grip task. In experiment 1, single motor units were recorded during precision grip and power grip in 20 adults (25.