Management of head and neck cancer of unknown primary: A phase IV study by DAHANCA.

Background: Diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (HNSCCUP) remains a challenge. The aim of the present phase IV study was to assess adherence to the current Danish guidelines and evaluate the treatment outcome in HNSCCUP patients.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively collected data in the DAHANCA database from patients treated between 2014 and 2020 was evaluated.

Congenital hyperinsulinism in the Ukraine: a 10-year national study.

Introduction: Congenital Hyperinsulinism (CHI) has not been previously studied in Ukraine. We therefore aimed to elucidate the genetics, clinical phenotype, histological subtype, treatment and long-term outcomes of Ukrainian patients with CHI.

Methods: Forty-one patients with CHI were recruited to the Ukrainian national registry between the years 2014-2023.

Respiratory viruses were frequently detected in young children with cystic fibrosis but had limited clinical significance.

Aim: Knowledge about the clinical role that respiratory viruses play in infants and toddlers with cystic fibrosis (CF) remains limited. We determined the prevalence of respiratory viruses in routine respiratory secretion samples in children aged 0-3 years with CF. Associations with bacterial infections, respiratory tract symptoms and lung function were also explored.

Ancient genomics support deep divergence between Eastern and Western Mediterranean Indo-European languages.

The Indo-European languages are among the most widely spoken in the world, yet their early diversification remains contentious. It is widely accepted that the spread of this language family across Europe from the 5th millennium BP correlates with the expansion and diversification of steppe-related genetic ancestry from the onset of the Bronze Age. However, multiple steppe-derived populations co-existed in Europe during this period, and it remains unclear how these populations diverged and which provided the demographic channels for the ancestral forms of the Italic, Celtic, Greek, and Armenian languages.

Reflections on timing of motherhood - a qualitative online study with women of reproductive age.

Background: The age of Danish women giving birth to their first child has risen throughout the last 50 years, and the number of women and men who are having their first child when they are at advanced maternal or paternal age is increasing worldwide. Postponing parenthood is not unique to Denmark, as the same pattern is seen especially in other European and Western countries. The aim of this study was in a social media setting to explore reflections on the timing of motherhood among Danish women of reproductive age who not yet had children.

Labour market participation and income in patients with IBD onset before young adulthood - the role of disease severity and mental health.

Background And Aim: Only few studies have examined the socioeconomic consequences of being diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in childhood or youth. Disease severity has been linked to lower earnings, but little attention has been paid to comorbid mental health conditions. The aim is to examine labour market participation (LMP) and income in patients with IBD-onset in childhood or youth and examine how disease severity and mental health conditions affects LMP.

The value of tongue base mucosectomy in the work-up of squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary: A Danish national cohort study.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary in the head and neck (HNSCCUP) remains a diagnostic challenge. Tongue base mucosectomy by transoral robotic surgery (TORS-TBM) can increase the diagnostic yield and de-intensify treatment. However, the added value of TORS-TBM as an adjunct to work-up programs for HNSCCUP is unclear.

incidence, phenotype, and severity in children and adolescents in Denmark before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide multicentre population-based cohort study.

Background: infections resurged globally in 2023-2024 after a three-year decline during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the incidence and severity of infections in children and adolescents before, during, and after the pandemic.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all Danish children and adolescents aged 0-17 years with a positive PCR test from May 1, 2016, to April 30, 2024.

Prognosis related to treatment plan in patients with biliary tract cancer: A nationwide database study.

Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a malignancy characterized by a low 5-year survival rate (<20 %). Clinical aspects such as tumor resectability, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score (ECOG-PS), and molecular profiling are used to determine the treatment for these patients. Diagnosis and treatment are typically established by a multidisciplinary team (MDT).

PET/MRI in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease - a prospective accuracy study.

Cross-sectional imaging supplements endoscopy in detecting disease manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of PET/MRI in a paediatric population suspected of IBD. This prospective study consecutively included patients aged 8-17 years under diagnostic evaluation for IBD.

Health professionals' presence and attributes in connecting with parents of children with cancer: A qualitative study through the lens of compassion.

Purpose: Throughout a child's cancer treatment, health professionals (HPs) constitute an important source of support for the entire family. However, the understanding of their presence and essential attributes is unclear. This study explored HPs' presence and attributes in connecting with parents and identified facilitators and barriers for connectedness.

Upregulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Response to Chemotherapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

The treatment of childhood cancer is challenged by toxic side effects mainly due to chemotherapy-induced organ damage and infections, which are accompanied by severe systemic inflammation. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a key regulating factor in tissue repair. This study investigated associations between the circulating IGF-I levels and chemotherapy-related toxicity in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Correction: Real-time structural dynamics of the ultrafast solvation process around photo-excited aqueous halides.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4SC01912A.].

Intestinal mucositis, systemic inflammation and bloodstream infections following high-dose methotrexate treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Comparison between the NOPHO ALL 2008 protocol and the ALLTogether1 protocol.

Severe intestinal mucositis (IM) increases the risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) and inflammatory toxicity during acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) induction treatment. However, the implications of IM in subsequent ALL therapy phases after achieving remission remain unknown. This study investigated the relationship between IM (measured by plasma citrulline and the chemokine CCL20) and the development of BSI and systemic inflammation (reflected by C-reactive protein, CRP) in children with ALL during high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) treatment, an important part of ALL consolidation therapy.

Laparoscopic ablation for liver malignancies: initial experience at a Scandinavian high volume HPB center.

Background: Ablation is an effective, parenchymal-sparing treatment for primary liver cancer and liver metastases. The purpose of this study was to report our initial experience with laparoscopic microwave ablation regarding postoperative complications, rate of conversions to open procedure, and technical efficacy.

Methods: This was a quality improvement project carried out at a tertiary care center in Denmark.

DAHEAN: A Danish nationwide study ensuring quality assurance through real-world data for suspected hereditary anemia patients.

Background: Hereditary anemias are a group of genetic diseases prevalent worldwide and pose a significant health burden on patients and societies. The clinical phenotype of hereditary anemias varies from compensated hemolysis to life-threatening anemia. They can be roughly categorized into three broad categories: hemoglobinopathies, membranopathies, and enzymopathies.

Utility of ultrasound in the diagnostic work-up of suspected pulmonary embolism: an open-label multicentre randomized controlled trial (the PRIME study).

Background: Prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients referred to diagnostic imaging is decreasing, indicating a need for improving patient selection. The aim of this study was to assess reduction in referral to diagnostic imaging by integrating a bespoke ultrasound protocol and describe associated failure rate and adverse events in patients with suspected PE.

Methods: In a randomized open-label multicentre trial spanning June 18, 2021, through Feb 1, 2023, adult patients with suspected PE and 1) a Wells score of 0-6 and elevated age-adjusted D-dimer or 2) Wells score >6 were randomly assigned 1:1 to direct diagnostic imaging (controls) or focused lung, cardiac, and deep venous ultrasound by unblinded investigators.

Real-time structural dynamics of the ultrafast solvation process around photo-excited aqueous halides.

This work investigates and describes the structural dynamics taking place following charge-transfer-to-solvent photo-abstraction of electrons from I and Br ions in aqueous solution following single- and 2-photon excitation at 202 nm and 400 nm, respectively. A Time-Resolved X-ray Solution Scattering (TR-XSS) approach with direct sensitivity to the structure of the surrounding solvent as the water molecules adopt a new equilibrium configuration following the electron-abstraction process is utilized to investigate the structural dynamics of solvent shell expansion and restructuring in real-time. The structural sensitivity of the scattering data enables a quantitative evaluation of competing models for the interaction between the nascent neutral species and surrounding water molecules.

Genome-wide meta-analysis of short-tandem repeats for Parkinson's disease risk using genotype imputation.

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Recently, the first genome-wide association study on short-tandem repeats in Parkinson's disease reported on eight suggestive short-tandem repeat-based risk loci ( = 5.3 × 10), of which four were novel, i.