Dydrogesterone after 60 years: a glance at the safety profile.

Objective: To provide an evidence-based safety and tolerability overview of dydrogesterone under various progesterone-deficient conditions as a commemoration of its role in managing women's reproductive health over the past 60 years.

Methods: To identify relevant publications, we used a semi-systematic approach, which included performing a structured search through the PubMed and Cochrane central databases as well as an unstructured search for publications published in English from 2010 onward with human clinical data.

Results: A total of 32 relevant clinical studies were identified.

Oral Progestins in Hormonal Contraception: Importance and Future Perspectives of a New Progestin Only-Pill Containing 4 mg Drospirenone.

Hormonal contraceptives are an effective and safe method for preventing pregnancy. Progestins used in contraception are either components of combined hormonal contraceptives (tablets, patches or vaginal rings) or are used as a single active ingredient in progestin mono-preparations (the progestin-only pill (POP), implants, intrauterine systems or depot preparations). Progestins are highly effective in long-term contraception when used properly, and have a very good safety profile with very few contraindications.

Correction: Oral Progestins in Hormonal Contraception: Importance and Future Perspectives of a New Progestin Only-Pill Containing 4 mg Drospirenone.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/a-1471-4408.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.

Progestogens as a component of menopausal hormone therapy: the right molecule makes the difference.

Optimizing menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) requires an awareness of the benefits and risks associated with the available treatments. This narrative review, which is based on the proceedings of an Advisory Board meeting and supplemented by relevant articles identified in literature searches, examines the role of progestogens in MHT, with the aim of providing practical recommendations for prescribing physicians. Progestogens are an essential component of MHT in menopausal women with a uterus to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and reduce the risk of cancer associated with using unopposed estrogen.

Pregnancy rates after slow-release insemination (SRI) and standard bolus intrauterine insemination (IUI) - A multicentre randomised, controlled trial.

This multicentre, randomised, controlled cross-over trial was designed to investigate the effect of intra-uterine slow-release insemination (SRI) on pregnancy rates in women with confirmed infertility or the need for semen donation who were eligible for standard bolus intra-uterine insemination (IUI). Data for a total of 182 women were analysed after randomisation to receive IUI (n = 96) or SRI (n = 86) first. The primary outcome was serological pregnancy defined by a positive beta human chorionic gonadotropin test, two weeks after insemination.

Oestrogen-free oral contraception with a 4 mg drospirenone-only pill: new data and a review of the literature.

The contraceptive pill is an effective and safe method of preventing pregnancy. The progestins used for contraception either are components of a combined hormonal contraceptive (tablets, patches or vaginal rings) or are used alone in progestin-only formulations. Progestin-only contraceptives are available as daily oral preparations, subcutaneous or intramuscular injectables (every 1-3 months), subdermal implants (every 3-5 years) and intrauterine systems (every 3-5 years).

Purified and specific cytoplasmic pollen extract: a non-hormonal alternative for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.

Research into non-hormonal, alternative therapies is necessary for women for whom menopausal hormone therapy is contraindicated or for women who do not wish to take hormones. This review focuses on one such non-hormonal option, namely, purified and specific cytoplasmic pollen extract, or PureCyTonin. This extract has been evaluated in several preclinical and clinical studies, where it demonstrated its value as a safe and non-estrogenic alternative for menopause.

Progestogen-only pills: which progestogen would be ideal.

Compared with nonuse, combined hormonal contraceptives containing estrogen and a progestogen are associated with a roughly 2- to 3-fold increased risk of venous and a 2-fold increased risk of arterial thromboembolism, including stroke and acute myocardial infarction. These events are, however, overall rare among women of reproductive age. Historically, progestin-only pills were not thought to be linked with any thromboembolic risk increase.

The impact of a standardized micronutrient supplementation on PCOS-typical parameters: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate whether a micronutrient supplementation preparation that includes a high amount of omega-3 unsaturated acids, other anti-oxidants and co-enzyme Q10 would have an impact on specific serum parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: The study was designed as a monocentral, randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial, from June 2017 to March 2018 (Clinical Trials ID: NCT03306745). Sixty women with PCOS were assigned to either the "multinutrient supplementation group" (one unlabeled soft capsule containing omega-3 fatty acids and one unlabeled tablet containing folic acid, selenium, vitamin E, catechin, glycyrrhizin, and co-enzyme Q10, for 3 months) or the "control group" (two unlabeled soft capsules containing 200 μg folic acid each, for 3 months).

Pericardial Fat Relates to Disturbances of Glucose Metabolism in Women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, but Not in Healthy Control Subjects.

Objective: The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship of cardiac fat depots with disturbances of the carbohydrate metabolism in women with PCOS.

Methods: An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was realized, and metabolic parameters were collected in 48 women with PCOS and in 20 controls. Intramyocardial fat (MYCL) and pericardial fat (PERI) were measured using H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging.

The Impact of a Standardized Oral Multinutrient Supplementation on Embryo Quality in in vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

The role of micronutrients in fertility has recently gained increased attention. We aimed to test the impact of a standardized, multinutrient supplementation on outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in a pilot study. One hundred women undergoing IVF/ICSI were prospectively included and randomized to receive either a multinutrient supplementation named PROfertil® female that included folic acid, selenium, vitamin E, catechins, glycyrrhizin, diosgenin, damiana and omega-3-fatty acids (study group; n = 50), or 400 µg folic acid (control group; n = 50).

To Assess the Association between Glucose Metabolism and Ectopic Lipid Content in Different Clinical Classifications of PCOS.

Aims: There are emerging data indicating an association between PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and metabolic derangements with potential impact on its clinical presentation. This study aims to evaluate the pathophysiological processes beyond PCOS with particular focus on carbohydrate metabolism, ectopic lipids and their possible interaction. Differences between the two established classifications of the disease should be additionally evaluated.

Removal of non-palpable Implanon® with the aid of a hook-wire marker.

The original inserter of the contraceptive implant, Implanon®, resulted in very deep insertion in some cases, sometimes in close proximity to neurovascular structures. This occasionally resulted in removal complications. We successfully adopted a hook-wire marker method used in breast tumor surgery to safely and simply remove these deep-lying, non-palpable implants.

Prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of cyclic bleeding after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy.

Objective: To evaluate a modified technique of laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH) on rates of postoperative cyclic bleeding (PCB).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of 173 women who underwent LSH with bipolar electrocoagulation of the endocervical canal at Landeskrankenhaus Wolfsberg, Wolfsberg, Austria, between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2009. Long-term follow-up was assessed using a questionnaire.

Women's perceptions and reasons for choosing the pill, patch, or ring in the CHOICE study: a cross-sectional survey of contraceptive method selection after counseling.

Background: The European CHOICE study was a cross-sectional survey that evaluated women's combined hormonal contraceptive choices before and after contraceptive counseling in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic and Slovakia, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, Israel, Russia, and Ukraine. The changes in method selection before and after counseling were reported previously. In this paper we present the reasons given by the 18,787 participating women for selecting their contraceptive method of choice, as well as their perceptions about the contraceptive pill, patch, and ring after counseling.

Common oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk for preterm birth.

Oxytocin is crucially involved in the onset and maintenance of labor. We investigated the association between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and preterm birth. The presence of four common oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms (rs2254298, rs53576, rs2228485 and rs237911) was evaluated in one hundred women with preterm birth and one hundred healthy women using restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping.

Interleukin-1 beta gene polymorphisms and preterm birth.

Objective: To investigate the association between two genetic variations in the Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) gene and preterm birth.

Study Design: In this case-control study we tested the allelic distribution of two of its common polymorphisms (IL1B +3953C>T [rs1143634], IL1B -511C>T [rs16944]) in one hundred women with preterm birth and one hundred healthy women with at least one uncomplicated full term pregnancy and no history of preterm birth.

Results: A significant association was found between the presence of the IL1B +3953C>T polymorphism and preterm birth (p=0.

Contraceptive counselling and factors affecting women's contraceptive choices: results of the CHOICE study in Austria.

Empirical evidence of the impact of contraceptive counselling and factors affecting women's contraceptive choices are limited. CHOICE (Contraceptive Health Research Of Informed Choice Experience) was a large-scale study in 11 European countries. Women in Austria aged 15-40 years considering a short-acting, reversible form of combined hormonal contraceptive were eligible to participate.

A polymorphism of the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) and preterm birth.

Our aim was to investigate whether a genetic variation in the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 gene might be associated with preterm birth. In this case-control study we evaluated the G/A polymorphism (rs2267717) in intron 2 of the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 gene in one hundred women with preterm birth and one hundred healthy women with at least one uncomplicated full term pregnancy and no history of preterm birth. No significant correlation was found between the presence of the investigated polymorphism and preterm birth (p=0.

Effects of tibolone on selectins in postmenopausal women.

Objective: The first step in atherosclerosis is characterized by the adherence of lymphocytes and monocytes to cell adhesion molecules expressed by endothelial cells. The precise mechanism by which steroid hormones may be exerting a protective action against atherogenesis remains unclear. Therefore, we wanted to investigate the effect of tibolone on the circulating levels of various selectins in postmenopausal women.

Detection of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors R1 and R2 (CRH-R1, CRH-R2) using fluorescence immunohistochemistry in the myometrium of women delivering preterm or at term.

Objective: To determine differences in expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors R1 and R2 in the myometrium of women delivering preterm or at term, with or without labor.

Material And Methods: Small pieces of myometrial smooth muscle were taken from forty patients undergoing caesarian section. One sample each was taken from all preterm and term patients, with and without labor.

Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: a meta-analysis.

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery.

Study Design: Selection criteria were (1). the data appeared in original, published English-language reports of prospective studies or control groups of clinical trials that included women at <37 weeks of gestation with intact amniotic membranes, (2).

Effects of tibolone on cell adhesion molecules in postmenopausal women.

Objective: The first step in atherosclerosis is characterized by the adherence of lymphocytes and monocytes to cell adhesion molecules expressed by endothelial cells. Therefore, we wanted to investigate the effect of tibolone on the circulating levels of various cell adhesion molecules.

Design: Thirty postmenopausal women were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled outpatient trial.