Management after acute injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Part 3: Recommendation on surgical treatment.

Purpose: The aim of this consensus project was to give recommendations regarding surgical treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured patient.

Methods: For this consensus process, an expert, steering and rating group was formed. In an initial online meeting, the steering group, together with the expert group, formed various key topic complexes for which multiple questions were formulated.

Management after acute injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), part 2: management of the ACL-injured patient.

Purpose: The aim of this consensus project was to create a treatment algorithm for the management of the ACL-injured patient which can serve as an aid in a shared decision-making process.

Methods: For this consensus process, a steering and a rating group were formed. In an initial face-to-face meeting, the steering group, together with the expert group, formed various key topic complexes for which various questions were formulated.

Management after acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Part 1: ACL reconstruction has a protective effect on secondary meniscus and cartilage lesions.

Purpose: The aim of this consensus project was to validate which endogenous and exogenous factors contribute to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis and to what extent ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction can prevent secondary damage to the knee joint. Based on these findings, an algorithm for the management after ACL rupture should be established.

Methods: The consensus project was initiated by the Ligament Injuries Committee of the German Knee Society (Deutsche Kniegesellschaft, DKG).

Treatment of Combined Injuries to the ACL and the MCL Complex: A Consensus Statement of the Ligament Injury Committee of the German Knee Society (DKG).

Background: Different indications and treatment options for combined injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament complex (MCL) are not clearly defined.

Purpose: To perform a modified Delphi process with the Committee for Ligament Injuries of the German Knee Society (DKG) in order to structure and optimize the process of treating a combined injury to the ACL and MCL.

Study Design: Consensus statement.

Deficient knee joint biomechanics in bilateral jumping after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze sagittal-plane knee biomechanics in individuals with ACL reconstructions in bilateral countermovement jumps. This aimed to determine potential knee compensation strategies during a high-demanding symmetrical movement task from pre to six months post-ACL reconstruction.

Methods: 20 ACL-reconstructed individuals were tested pre-operatively, and then seven weeks, three months, and six months after reconstruction.

How does functionality proceed in ACL reconstructed subjects? Proceeding of functional performance from pre- to six months post-ACL reconstruction.

This is the first study examining functionality of subjects with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and a subsequent reconstruction comprehensively by multiple test sessions from pre- to six months post-reconstruction. The purpose was to evaluate if a generally applied rehabilitation program restores functionality to levels of healthy controls. Subjects with unilateral tears of the ACL were compared to matched healthy controls throughout the rehabilitation.

Binding to large enzyme pockets: small-molecule inhibitors of trypanothione reductase.

The causative agents of the parasitic disease human African trypanosomiasis belong to the family of trypanosomatids. These parasitic protozoa exhibit a unique thiol redox metabolism that is based on the flavoenzyme trypanothione reductase (TR). TR was identified as a potential drug target and features a large active site that allows a multitude of possible ligand orientations, which renders rational structure-based inhibitor design highly challenging.

Improved inhibitors of trypanothione reductase by combination of motifs: synthesis, inhibitory potency, binding mode, and antiprotozoal activities.

Trypanothione reductase (TR) is an essential enzyme in the trypanothione-based redox metabolism of trypanosomatid parasites. This system is absent in humans and, therefore, offers a promising target for the development of selective new drugs against African sleeping sickness and Chagas' disease. Over the past two decades, a variety of nonpeptidic small-molecule ligands of the parasitic enzyme were discovered.

Synthesis, inhibition potency, binding mode, and antiprotozoal activities of fluorescent inhibitors of trypanothione reductase based on mepacrine-conjugated diaryl sulfide scaffolds.

Trypanothione reductase (TR) is a flavoenzyme unique to trypanosomatid parasites and a target for lead discovery programs. Various inhibitor scaffolds have emerged in the past, exhibiting moderate affinity for the parasite enzyme. Herein we show that the combination of two structural motifs of known TR inhibitors - diaryl sulfides and mepacrine - enables the simultaneous addressing of two hydrophobic patches in the active site.

Design and validation of a testing system to assess torsional cancellous bone failure in conjunction with time-lapsed micro-computed tomographic imaging.

When compressed axially, cancellous bone often fails at an oblique angle along well-defined bands, highlighting the importance of cancellous bone shear properties. Torsion testing to determine shear properties of cancellous bone has often been conducted under conditions appropriate only for axis-symmetric specimens comprised of homogeneous and isotropic materials. However, most cancellous bone specimens do not meet these stringent test conditions.

Diaryl sulfide-based inhibitors of trypanothione reductase: inhibition potency, revised binding mode and antiprotozoal activities.

Trypanothione reductase (TR) is an essential enzyme of trypanosomatids and therefore a promising target for the development of new drugs against African sleeping sickness and Chagas' disease. Diaryl sulfides with a central anilino moiety, decorated with a flexible N-alkyl side chain bearing a terminal ammonium ion, are a known class of inhibitors. Using computer modelling, we revised the binding model for this class of TR inhibitors predicting simultaneous interactions of the ammonium ion-terminated N-alkyl chain with Glu18 as well as Glu465'/Glu466' of the second subunit of the homodimer, whereas the hydrophobic substituent of the aniline ring occupies the "mepacrine binding site" near Trp21 and Met113.