QTL Pyramiding Provides Marginal Improvement in 2NS-Based Wheat Blast Resistance.

Wheat blast, caused by the fungus pathotype (MoT), is a devastating disease affecting South America, Bangladesh, and Zambia. Resistance to wheat blast has strongly relied on the 2NS translocation; however, newer MoT isolates have increased aggressiveness, threatening the 2NS translocation's effectiveness and durability. To identify genomic regions associated with wheat blast resistance, we performed a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping study using 187 double-haploid (DH) lines from a cross between the Brazilian wheat cultivars 'TBIO Alvorada' and 'TBIO Sossego', which are moderately resistant and susceptible to blast, respectively.

Comparing the Temporal Development of Wheat Spike Blast Epidemics in a Region of Bolivia Where the Disease Is Endemic.

Epidemics of wheat blast, caused the pathotype of , were studied in the Santa Cruz del la Sierra region of Bolivia to quantify and compare the temporal dynamics of the disease under different growing conditions. Six plots of a susceptible wheat cultivar were planted at Cuatro Cañadas (CC), Okinawa 1 (OK1), and Okinawa 2 (OK2) in 2015. Spike blast incidence (INC) and severity (SEV) and leaf blast severity (LEAF) were quantified in each plot at regular intervals on a 10 × 10 grid ( = 100 clusters of spikes), beginning at head emergence (Feekes growth stage 10.

Novel Sources of Wheat Head Blast Resistance in Modern Breeding Lines and Wheat Wild Relatives.

Wheat head blast (WHB), caused by the fungus pathotype , is a devastating disease affecting South America and South Asia. Despite 30 years of intensive effort, the 2NS translocation from contains the only useful source of resistance to WHB effective against isolates. The objective of this study was to identify non-2NS sources of resistance to WHB among elite cultivars, breeding lines, landraces, and wild-relative accessions.

Climate Suitability for Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum Pathotype in the United States.

Wheat blast, caused by the Triticum pathotype of Magnaporthe oryzae, is an emerging disease considered to be a limiting factor to wheat production in various countries. Given the importance of wheat blast as a high-consequence plant disease, weather-based infection models were used to estimate the probabilities of M. oryzae Triticum establishment and wheat blast outbreaks in the United States.

Preliminary Assessment of Resistance Among U.S. Wheat Cultivars to the Triticum Pathotype of Magnaporthe oryzae.

Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of blast disease on several graminaceous plants. The M. oryzae population causing wheat blast has not been officially reported outside South America.

Impact of Brown Spot Caused by Septoria glycines on Soybean in Ohio.

Brown spot, caused by Septoria glycines, is the most common foliar disease of soybean in Ohio, but its economic impact has not been assessed on modern cultivars. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the effect of S. glycines on soybean yield and (ii) evaluate the efficacy of strobilurin- and triazole-based fungicides on the control of brown spot.

Finite de Finetti theorem for infinite-dimensional systems.

We formulate and prove a de Finetti representation theorem for finitely exchangeable states of a quantum system consisting of k infinite-dimensional subsystems. The theorem is valid for states that can be written as the partial trace of a pure state |Psi/Psi| chosen from a family of subsets {Cn} of the full symmetric subspace for n subsystems. We show that such states become arbitrarily close to mixtures of pure power states as n increases.