A decade of investments in monitoring the HIV epidemic: how far have we come? A descriptive analysis.

Background: The 2001 Declaration of Commitment (DoC) adopted by the General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) included a call to monitor national responses to the HIV epidemic. Since the DoC, efforts and investments have been made globally to strengthen countries' HIV monitoring and evaluation (M&E) capacity. This analysis aims to quantify HIV M&E investments, commitments, capacity, and performance during the last decade in order to assess the success and challenges of national and global HIV M&E systems.

Pattern and levels of spending allocated to HIV prevention programs in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: AIDS continues to spread at an estimated 2.6 new million infections per year, making the prevention of HIV transmission a critical public health issue. The dramatic growth in global resources for AIDS has produced a steady scale-up in treatment and care that has not been equally matched by preventive services.

HIV spending as a share of total health expenditure: an analysis of regional variation in a multi-country study.

Background: HIV has devastated numerous countries in sub-Saharan Africa and is a dominant health force in many other parts of the world. Its undeniable importance is reflected in the establishment of Millennium Development Goal No. 6.

Financing the response to HIV in low-income and middle-income countries.

Objectives: To describe levels of national HIV spending and examine programmatic allocations according to the type of epidemic and country income.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of HIV expenditures from 50 low-income and middle-income countries. Sources of information included country reports of domestic spending by programmatic activity and HIV services.