Outcomes in Black and White Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Insights From Two Large Cohorts.

Purpose: To investigate whether black race is an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods: We performed a retrospective 2-cohort (International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium [IMDC] and trial-database) study of patients with mRCC treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Unmatched (UM) and matched (M) analyses accounting for imbalances in region, year of treatment, age, and sex between races were performed.

How Much Does Attendance Impact Weight Loss and Health Care Spending in a Diabetes Prevention Program Serving Older Adults?

Purpose: Measure attendance to the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) of the USA (Y-USA) diabetes prevention program (DPP) and show how attendance impacts weight loss and medical spending in a population of Medicare beneficiaries.

Design: Observational study using a pre- and post-specification.

Setting: A total of 17 participating YMCAs nationwide.

Impact of Financial Incentives on Diabetes Prevention Class Attendance and Program Completion: Evidence From Minnesota, Montana, and New York.

Purpose: To test the role of financial incentives to motivate engagement in diabetes prevention programs (DPPs).

Design: Minnesota, Montana, and New York randomized 3 different approaches to providing incentives: incentivizing class attendance and weight loss (all states), class attendance only (NY), and weight loss only (NY). We used New York to test how different approaches to providing incentives influence DPP completion and attendance.