The association between neighbourhood marginalization and SARS-CoV-2 outcomes in patients presenting to emergency departments.

Objective: Social and economic marginalizations have been associated with inferior health outcomes in Canada. Our objective was to describe the relationship between neighbourhood marginalization and COVID-19 outcomes among patients presenting to Canadian emergency departments (ED).

Methods: We conducted an observational study among consecutive COVID-19 patients recruited from 47 hospitals participating in the Canadian COVID-19 ED Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN) between March 3, 2020, and July 24, 2022.

Trends in Cemented Fixation in Hemiarthroplasty for Hip Fractures in Canada.

Bacground: The use of cemented fixation is widely recommended in hip arthroplasty for hip fractures, although it is not used universally.

Methods: We describe the trends in cementing prevalence in hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures in Canada for patients ≥55 years old between April 2017 and March 2022.

Results: The national prevalence of cemented fixation increased from 43% in 2017/18 to 58% in 2021/22, but there was a large variety of both the baseline prevalence and the trends across the country and between individual hospitals.

Leveraging a clinical emergency department dataset to estimate two-dose COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection in Canada.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical care shifted toward virtual and Emergency Department care. We explored the feasibility of mRNA vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimation against SARS-CoV-2-related Emergency Department visits and hospitalizations using prospectively collected Emergency Department data.

Methods: We estimated two-dose VE using a test-negative design and data from 10 participating sites of the Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN).

Socioeconomic, health-related, and primary care physician characteristics associated with adherence to seasonal influenza vaccination in Manitoba, Canada: A population-wide record-linkage cohort study.

Objective: There is a lack of published evidence on factors associated with adherence (maintenance of cumulative vaccination) to seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) in Manitoba, Canada. We sought to assess the associations.

Methods: A cohort study utilizing Manitoba administrative health databases.

Consistent Factors Influence Body Mass Index Thresholds for Total Joint Arthroplasty Across Health-Care Systems: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) thresholds are used as eligibility criteria to reduce complication risk in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This approach oversimplifies preoperative risk assessment and inadvertently restricts access to effective surgical treatment for osteoarthritis. A prior survey of orthopaedic surgeons in the United States identified complex underlying factors that influence BMI considerations.

A population-based, province-wide, record-linkage interrupted time series analysis of impact of the universal seasonal influenza vaccination policy on seasonal influenza vaccine uptake among 5-64-year-olds in the province of Manitoba, Canada.

Introduction: Universal seasonal influenza vaccination policy (USIVP) was introduced in Manitoba, Canada in 2010. Its impact on seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake remains underexplored.

Methods: We used population-wide data from Manitoba to assess the impact of the USIVP on SIV uptake.

Characteristics and determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in Manitoba, Canada: A population-wide record-linkage study.

Background: Seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake (receipt of vaccine) in Manitoba, Canada is consistently low notwithstanding vaccine availability and free-of-charge vaccination. Despite, there is a lack of published evidence on the determinants of uptake of the vaccine. We sought to assess the association between SIV uptake and certain population and primary care physician (PCP) characteristics in Manitoba.

Randomized controlled trial comparing traditional versus enhanced-fixation designs of a novel cemented total knee arthroplasty tibial component.

Aims: A novel enhanced cement fixation (EF) tibial implant with deeper cement pockets and a more roughened bonding surface was released to market for an existing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) system.This randomized controlled trial assessed fixation of the both the EF (ATTUNE S+) and standard (Std; ATTUNE S) using radiostereometric analysis.

Methods: Overall, 50 subjects were randomized (21 EF-TKA and 23 Std-TKA in the final analysis), and had follow-up visits at six weeks, and six, 12, and 24 months to assess migration of the tibial component.

Regional Disparities in the Uptake of Differentiated Influenza Vaccines in the United States.

Significant racial/ethnic inequities in the uptake of differentiated influenza vaccines (DIVs) have been previously reported, though less is known about regional disparities. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study (2014/15-2017/18 influenza seasons) among privately insured adults aged 65 + years in the US. The exposure was the beneficiary's area of residence (US Census Bureau division) and the outcome was the type of influenza vaccine: differentiated (high-dose [HDV], adjuvanted, recombinant, and cell-based) versus conventional standard-dose egg-based.

Comparison of two hydroxyapatite-coated femoral components: a randomized clinical trial using radiostereometric analysis.

Aims: The primary aim of this trial was to compare the subsidence of two similar hydroxyapatite-coated titanium femoral components from different manufacturers. Secondary aims were to compare rotational migration (anteversion/retroversion and varus/valgus tilt) and patient-reported outcome measures between both femoral components.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive one of the two femoral components (Avenir or Corail) during their primary total hip arthroplasty between August 2018 and September 2020.

Impact of the universal seasonal influenza vaccination policy in the province of Manitoba, Canada: A population-based, province-wide record-linkage study.

Introduction: In 2010, the government of the province of Manitoba, Canada introduced universal seasonal influenza vaccination policy (USIVP), providing free-of-charge vaccination to all registered residents of the province at least six months of age. Impact of the policy on seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake (receipt of vaccine) in Manitoba remains unclear, as there is a lack of published evaluations.

Methods: We conducted an ecological study, utilizing population-wide data from several linked de-identified Manitoba Health and Seniors Care administrative health databases.

Patterns and predictors of referral to the specialized chronic lymphocytic leukemia clinic in Manitoba, Canada.

Background: Better CLL patient survival has been reported for specialized CLL clinics/hematologists (compared to other CLL patients). It is possible that improved survival is driven by a better prognosis of referred patients.

Methods: We used logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals 95 %CIs) of the association between patient characteristics and CLL referral of all persons diagnosed in 2005-2016 with a pathologically-confirmed CLL or SLL.

What explains racial/ethnic inequities in the uptake of differentiated influenza vaccines?

We investigated the role of individual, community and vaccinator characteristics in mediating racial/ethnic disparities in the uptake of differentiated influenza vaccines (DIVs; including high-dose, adjuvanted, recombinant and cell-based vaccines). We included privately-insured (commercial and Medicare Advantage) ≥65 years-old community-dwelling health plan beneficiaries in the US with >1 year of continuous coverage and who received ≥1 influenza vaccine during the study period (July 2014-June 2018). Of 2.

Effectiveness of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines Against Hospitalization and Death in Canada: A Multiprovincial, Test-Negative Design Study.

Background: A major goal of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is to prevent severe outcomes (hospitalizations and deaths). We estimated the effectiveness of messenger RNA (mRNA) and ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccines against severe outcomes in 4 Canadian provinces between December 2020 and September 2021.

Methods: We conducted this multiprovincial, retrospective, test-negative study among community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years in Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, and Manitoba using linked provincial databases and a common study protocol.

Incidence of anogenital warts after the introduction of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine program in Manitoba, Canada.

Background: The incidence of anogenital warts (AGW) decreased after the introduction of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccine in multiple jurisdictions. We studied how comparing AGW incidence rates with different outcomes affects the interpretation of the qHPV vaccination program. To do this, we replicated multiple study designs within a single jurisdiction (Manitoba).

The impact of pertussis vaccine programme changes on pertussis disease burden in Manitoba, 1992-2017-an age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: Changes to pertussis vaccination programmes can have impacts on disease burden that should be estimated independently from factors such as age- and period-related trends. We used age-period-cohort (APC) models to explore pertussis incidence in Manitoba over a 25-year period (1992-2017).

Methods: We identified all laboratory-confirmed cases of pertussis from Manitoba's Communicable Diseases Database and calculated age-standardized incidence rates.

Background incidence rates of hospitalisations and emergency department visits for thromboembolic and coagulation disorders in Ontario, Canada for COVID-19 vaccine safety assessment: a population-based retrospective observational study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate background rates of selected thromboembolic and coagulation disorders in Ontario, Canada.

Design: Population-based retrospective observational study using linked health administrative databases. Records of hospitalisations and emergency department visits were searched to identify cases using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Canada diagnostic codes.

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 covid-19 vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19 outcomes in Ontario, Canada: test negative design study.

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA covid-19 vaccines against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes (hospital admission or death).

Design: Test negative design study.

Setting: Ontario, Canada between 14 December 2020 and 19 April 2021.

Patterns and descriptors of COVID-19 testing and lab-confirmed COVID-19 incidence in Manitoba, Canada, March 2020-May 2021: A population-based study.

Background: We studied lab-confirmed COVID-19 infection (LCCI) testing, incidence, and severity.

Methods: We included all Manitoba residents and limited our severity analysis to LCCI patients. We calculated testing, incidence and vaccination rates between March 8, 2020 and June 1, 2021.

A multisite study of pertussis vaccine effectiveness by time since last vaccine dose from three Canadian provinces: A Canadian Immunization Research Network study.

Background: Pertussis remains poorly controlled relative to other diseases targeted by childhood vaccination programs. We combined estimates from four population-based studies of pertussis vaccine effectiveness (VE) in three Canadian provinces using a meta-analytic approach to improve precision and explore regional variation in VE and durability of protection.

Methods: Studies were conducted in Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario over periods ranging from 1996 to 2015.

Decline in Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness With Vaccination Program Maturation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Evidence suggests that repeated influenza vaccination may reduce vaccine effectiveness (VE). Using influenza vaccination program maturation (PM; number of years since program inception) as a proxy for population-level repeated vaccination, we assessed the impact on pooled adjusted end-season VE estimates from outpatient test-negative design studies.

Methods: We systematically searched and selected full-text publications from January 2011 to February 2020 (PROSPERO: CRD42017064595).

Vaccine coverage among children with epilepsy in two Canadian provinces: A Canadian immunization research network study.

Objectives: Children with epilepsy are at increased risk of complications from vaccine-preventable infections, yet information on vaccine coverage in these children is scarce. We aimed to compare vaccine coverage among children with epilepsy to children without epilepsy.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all 2005-2013 births in Manitoba and Ontario, Canada, creating two cohorts: 2-year-olds and 7-year-olds (followed to age 2 and 7 years).

Interim seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates as proxy for final estimates: analysis of systematically identified matched pairs of interim/final estimates from test-negative design studies in outpatient settings from 2010/11 to 2018/19.

Objectives: Limited time for seasonal influenza vaccine development means that the World Health Organization has to consider interim (early) rather than final vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates in deciding influenza vaccine composition. We assessed agreement between interim and final VE estimates, and factors that may determine a substantial difference (≥10%) between point estimates.

Methods: This was a mixed methods study.