A phase I trial of CD3/CD28-activated T cells (Xcellerated T cells) and interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Xcellerated T Cells (Xcyte Therapies, Seattle, WA) are autologous T cells that have been activated and expanded ex vivo using antibodies to CD3 and CD28 coimmobilized on magnetic beads. This study assessed the safety, immunostimulatory effects, and antitumor activity of Xcellerated T Cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Experimental Design: Twenty-six patients with measurable metastatic RCC after prior nephrectomy underwent leukapheresis.