Establishment of a children's Drugs and Therapeutics Committee to ensure evidence-based and cost-effective medical treatment for children.

The prevalence of undocumented medical treatments among children is a significant issue, as well as many EU countries lack access to newly developed children-friendly medicines. Consequently, there is a pressing need for supplementary resources that can facilitate informed decision-making regarding children's medication. We therefore aim to describe the process of establishing a children's Drug and Therapeutics Committee (cDTC), as well as the preparing and implementation of recommendations for children in the capital region of Denmark.

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According to the International Life Saving Federation (ILS), integrating lifeguards in the local or regional emergency medical service (EMS) is a necessity to prevent drowning and improve prehospital treatment in selected situations. This review describes the organisation of lifeguards in Denmark, focusing on essential skills and equipment to assist prehospital EMS in drowning, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and search and rescue operations. Standardised requirements for the medical education of lifeguards are warranted to improve prehospital treatment and integration in the EMS.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (produced by DSM 33700) (RONOZYME® WX (CT/L)) for all poultry species and all (DSM nutritional products ltd).

The additive RONOZYME® WX (CT/L) contains endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced with a genetically modified strain of the filamentous fungus ; the additive is currently authorised for poultry for fattening, weaned piglets, pigs for fattening, lactating sows and laying hens. The applicant has requested to change the production strain, substituting strain DSM 26372 with DSM 33700, and to extend the use of the additive to all poultry species and all . RONOZYME® WX (CT/L), manufactured with the production strain DSM 33700, did not give rise to safety concerns with regard to the genetic modification of the production strain.

Assessment of the feed additive consisting of niacinamide for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Arxada Ltd).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of niacinamide as a nutritional additive for use in all animal species. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no new evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of DSM 33761, DSM 33758, DSM 16284, DSM 33751 and DSM 16351 (Biomin® C5) for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, turkeys for fattening, turkeys reared for breeding and minor poultry species for fattening and reared for laying/breeding (Biomin GmbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of viable cells of DSM 33761, DSM 33758, DSM 16284, DSM 33751 and DSM 16351 (Biomin® C5) as a zootechnical additive (functional group: gut flora stabiliser) for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, turkeys for fattening, turkeys reared for breeding and minor poultry species for fattening and reared for laying/breeding. Biomin® C5 is marketed in two formulations: a coated and a non-coated formulation with a total minimum microbial count of 1 × 10 and 4 × 10 colony forming unit (CFU)/g product, respectively. The Panel considered that the use of Biomin® C5 in feed at the proposed conditions of use raises no risk for the target species, consumers and the environment.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of a fraction of the essential oil from the fruit and leaves of Hook.f. (star anise terpenes) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a fraction of the essential oil from the fruit and leaves of Hook.f. (star anise terpenes), when used as a feed additive for all animal species.

Efficacy of a feed additive consisting of MUCL 39885 (Biosprint®) for cats (Prosol S.p.A).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the efficacy of MUCL 39885 (Biosprint®) as a zootechnical additive for cats. The additive is already authorised for use in sows, dairy cows, horses, weaned piglets, dogs, cattle and minor ruminants for fattening and minor ruminants for dairy production. In a previous opinion, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that Biosprint® is safe when used in feeds for cats and dogs.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of IDAC 210415-01, IDAC 210415-02, IDAC 051120-02 and IDAC 181218-03 (K-9 Heritage Probiotic Blend®) for dogs (CanBiocin Inc.).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of K-9 Heritage Probiotic Blend® when used as a zootechnical additive (functional group: gut flora stabilisers) for dogs. The product under assessment is based on viable cells of IDAC 210415-01, IDAC 210415-02, IDAC 051120-02 and IDAC 181218-03. The FEEDAP Panel was not in the position to conclude on the identification of the strains and, therefore, the safety of the product cannot be based on the presumption of safety of the active agents.

Dispatcher Stroke/TIA Recognition in Emergency Medical Call Center and Out-of-Hours Service Calls in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background And Objectives: Recognition of stroke/TIA symptoms by emergency medical services (EMS) is instrumental in providing timely recanalization treatments. We assessed the recognition of stroke/TIA by EMS via the emergency medical call center (EMCC) dispatchers and out-of-hours health service (OOHS) dispatchers.

Methods: In a registry study, based on 2015-2020 data from the Copenhagen EMS, we calculated sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) of dispatcher suspicion of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and compared against discharge diagnosis.

Global stroke statistics 2023: Availability of reperfusion services around the world.

Background: Disparities in the availability of reperfusion services for acute ischemic stroke are considerable globally and require urgent attention. Contemporary data on the availability of reperfusion services in different countries are used to provide the necessary evidence to prioritize where access to acute stroke treatment is needed.

Aims: To provide a snapshot of published literature on the provision of reperfusion services globally, including when facilitated by telemedicine or mobile stroke unit services.

Assessment of the feed additive consisting of DSM 7134 and DSM 7133 (Provita LE) for calves for rearing for the renewal of its authorisation (Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of the authorisation of the additive Provita LE for calves for rearing, consisting of DSM 7134 (formerly identified as ) and DSM 7133 (formerly identified as ) as a zootechnical feed additive. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing terms of the authorisation. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the use of the feed additive in animal nutrition remains safe for calves for rearing, consumers and the environment under the authorised conditions of use.

Ambulance response times and 30-day mortality: a Copenhagen (Denmark) registry study.

Background And Importance: Ensuring prompt ambulance responses is complicated and costly. It is a general conception that short response times save lives, but the actual knowledge is limited.

Objective: To examine the association between the response times of ambulances with lights and sirens and 30-day mortality.

Association between mortality and phone-line waiting time for non-urgent medical care: a Danish registry-based cohort study.

Background And Importance: Telephone calls are often patients' first healthcare service contact, outcomes associated with waiting times are unknown.

Objectives: Examine the association between waiting time to answer for a medical helpline and 1- and 30-day mortality.

Design, Setting And Participants: Registry-based cohort study using phone calls data (January 2014 to December 2018) to the Capital Region of Denmark's medical helpline.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of iron(II)-betaine complex for all animal species (Biochem Zusatzstoffe Handels- und Produktionsges. mbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of iron(II)-betaine complex as a nutritional feed additive for all animal species. Based on the results of a tolerance study carried out in chickens the FEEDAP Panel concluded that the additive is safe for chickens for fattening when used up to the current maximum authorised levels of iron in feed; this conclusion was extrapolated to all animal species and categories at the respective maximum iron levels in complete feed authorised in the European Union. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the use of the iron(II)-betaine complex in animal nutrition at the maximum iron levels authorised for the animal species poses no concern to the safety of consumers.

Assessment of the application for renewal of the authorisation of a feed additive consisting of sodium hydroxide for dogs, cats and ornamental fish (Brenntag Holding GmbH and Electroquímica de Hernani, S.A.).

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of authorisation of sodium hydroxide as a technological additive (acidity regulator) for dogs, cats and ornamental fish. The applicants have provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions.

Machine learning identifies a COVID-19-specific phenotype in university students using a mental health app.

Background: Advances in smartphone technology have allowed people to access mental healthcare via digital apps from wherever and whenever they choose. University students experience a high burden of mental health concerns. Although these apps improve mental health symptoms, user engagement has remained low.

Association between using a prehospital assessment unit and hospital admission and mortality: a matched cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare hospital admission and 30-day mortality between patients assessed by the prehospital assessment unit (PAU) and patients not assessed by the PAU.

Design: This was a matched cohort study.

Setting: This study was conducted between November 2021 and October 2022 in Region Zealand, Denmark.

Protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effect of a CBT-I smartphone application (Sleep Ninja®) on insomnia symptoms in children.

Background: Sleep is necessary for healthy development and mental wellbeing. Despite this, many children do not get the recommended duration of sleep each night, and many experience sleep problems. Although treatable, existing interventions for sleep disturbance are time-consuming, burdensome for families, and focus on providing behavioural strategies to parents rather than upskilling children directly.

Speech patterns in responses to questions asked by an intelligent virtual agent can help to distinguish between people with early stage neurodegenerative disorders and healthy controls.

Previous research has provided strong evidence that speech patterns can help to distinguish between people with early stage neurodegenerative disorders (ND) and healthy controls. This study examined speech patterns in responses to questions asked by an intelligent virtual agent (IVA): a talking head on a computer which asks pre-recorded questions. The study investigated whether measures of response length, speech rate and pausing in responses to questions asked by an IVA help to distinguish between healthy control participants and people diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Long-Term Quality of Life After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Importance: Allocating resources to increase survival after cardiac arrest requires survivors to have a good quality of life, but long-term data are lacking.

Objective: To determine the quality of life of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from 2001 to 2019.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study used the EuroQol Health Questionnaire, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess the health-related quality of life of all adult survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest included in the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry between June 1, 2001, and August 31, 2019, who were alive in October 2020 (follow-up periods, 0-1, >1-2, >2-4, >4-6, >6-8, >8-10, >10-15, and >15-20 years since arrest).

Withdrawn accelerated approvals for cancer indications in the USA: what is the marketing authorisation status in the EU?

As of April, 2023, 23 accelerated approvals for cancer indications granted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1992 have been withdrawn from the US market, with 17 (74%) of 23 withdrawn in the past 3 years. The marketing authorisation status of these indications in the EU has not been reported. A review of relevant documents from the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) was done to investigate whether the accelerated approvals for cancer indications withdrawn by the FDA have a marketing authorisation in the EU to date, and to compare the approval history of these indications by the EMA and FDA.

Recognition of visual symptoms in stroke: a challenge to patients, bystanders, and Emergency Medical Services.

Background: Identification of visual symptoms as a sign of acute stroke can be challenging for both first line healthcare professionals and lay persons. Failed recognition of visual symptoms by medical dispatchers at the Emergency Medical Dispatch Center (EMDC-112) or personnel at the Out-of-Hours Health Service (OOHS) may delay stroke revascularization. We aimed to identify correct system response to visual symptoms in emergency calls.

Danish Drowning Formula for identification of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from drowning.

Background: Accurate, reliable, and sufficient data is required to reduce the burden of drowning by targeting preventive measures and improving treatment. Today's drowning statistics are informed by various methods sometimes based on data sources with questionable reliability. These methods are likely responsible for a systematic and significant underreporting of drowning.

Selective Prevention of Depression in Workers Using a Smartphone App: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There is increasing evidence that depression can be prevented; however, universal approaches have had limited success. Appropriate targeting of interventions to at-risk populations has been shown to have potential, but how to selectively determine at-risk individuals remains unclear. Workplace stress is a risk factor for depression and a target for intervention, but few interventions exist to prevent depression among workers at risk due to heightened stress.