Usefulness of serum amyloid A for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cats: A prospective evaluation.

Background: The diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cats is challenging and development of a noninvasive and accurate biomarker is needed.

Hypotheses: Serum amyloid A (SAA) is increased in cats with pyelonephritis, but not in cats with other urinary tract diseases.

Animals: A cohort of 125 cats (149 observations).

Oncolytic virotherapy with intratumoral injection of vaccinia virus TG6002 and 5-fluorocytosine administration in dogs with malignant tumors.

TG6002 is an oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing FCU1 protein, which converts 5-fluorocytosine into 5-fluorouracil. The study objectives were to assess tolerance, viral replication, 5-fluorouracil synthesis, and tumor microenvironment modifications to treatment in dogs with spontaneous malignant tumors. Thirteen dogs received one to three weekly intratumoral injections of TG6002 and 5-fluorocytosine.

A Case of Urinary Bladder Malakoplakia in a Young French Bulldog: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Issues.

A 3-month-old female French Bulldog presented with hematuria, severe pollakiuria, and urinary incontinence lasting for 1.5 months. Broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were initiated by the referring veterinarian.

Alendronate treatment in cats with persistent ionized hypercalcemia: A retrospective cohort study of 20 cases.

Background: Limited information is available concerning treatment of ionized hypercalcemia in cats.

Hypothesis/objectives: Describe clinical findings in a cohort of cats with persistent ionized hypercalcemia and evaluate long-term tolerance and efficacy of alendronate in these patients.

Animals: Twenty cats with persistent ionized hypercalcemia of undetermined origin, presented for routine or referral consultation at the teaching hospital of Maisons-Alfort (France).

Outcomes of 25 female dogs treated for ectopic ureters by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation.

Objective: To report outcomes after the correction of ectopic ureter (EU) by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) in female dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective study from 2011 to 2018.

Animals: Twenty-five female dogs.

Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of repeated oral administration of 5-fluorocytosine in healthy dogs.

Background: 5-fluorocytosine is a pyrimidine and a fluorinated cytosine analog mainly used as an antifungal agent. It is a precursor of 5-fluorouracil, which possesses anticancer properties. To reduce systemic toxicity of 5-fluorouracil during chemotherapy, 5- fluorocytosine can be used as a targeted anticancer agent.

Comparison of C-reactive protein concentrations in dogs with Bordetella bronchiseptica infection and aspiration bronchopneumonia.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-known acute-phase protein in dogs that may discriminate bacterial bronchopneumonia from other pulmonary conditions. Bronchopneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) is common but the associated increase in CRP concentration in naturally infected dogs has not been fully explored.

Objective: To compare CRP concentrations of dogs with Bb infection, with or without radiographic pulmonary lesions, to dogs with aspiration bronchopneumonia (ABP).

Safety, biodistribution and viral shedding of oncolytic vaccinia virus TG6002 administered intravenously in healthy beagle dogs.

Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging strategy that uses replication-competent viruses to kill tumor cells. We have reported the oncolytic effects of TG6002, a recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus, in preclinical human xenograft models and canine tumor explants. To assess the safety, biodistribution and shedding of TG6002 administered by the intravenous route, we conducted a study in immune-competent healthy dogs.

Safety studies and viral shedding of intramuscular administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus TG6002 in healthy beagle dogs.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of mortality for both humans and dogs. As spontaneous canine cancers appear to be relevant models of human cancers, developing new therapeutic approaches could benefit both species. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach in cancer treatment.

Intermittent urethral obstruction secondary to caudal sliding of a pelvic bladder in 3 dogs.

Three Yorkshire terrier dogs (2 males and 1 female) were presented for investigation of chronic dysuria and stranguria. Physical examination was unremarkable except for a poorly filled bladder. Biological tests, urinalysis, ultrasound, and routine radiography detected no significant abnormality, except for intermittent displacement of the bladder in the pelvis.

Development and validation of a novel clinical scoring system for short-term prediction of death in dogs with acute pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with a high death rate in dogs, but accurate predictors of early death are still lacking.

Objectives: To develop a scoring system for prediction of short-term case fatality in dogs with AP.

Animals: One hundred sixty-nine dogs with AP including 138 dogs in the training cohort and 31 dogs in the validation cohort.

Frequency of bacteriuria in dogs with chronic kidney disease: A retrospective study of 201 cases.

Background: Studies have shown an increased prevalence of positive urine culture (PUC) in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD); no information is available in dogs.

Objectives: To document the PUC frequency in a cohort of dogs with CKD, determine risk factors for PUC, and identify associations between clinicopathologic data and PUC.

Animals: Two hundred one client-owned dogs with CKD.

Is arginase a potential drug target in tobacco-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction?

Background: Tobacco-induced pulmonary vascular disease is partly driven by endothelial dysfunction. The bioavailability of the potent vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) depends on competition between NO synthase-3 (NOS3) and arginases for their common substrate (L-arginine). We tested the hypothesis whereby tobacco smoking impairs pulmonary endothelial function via upregulation of the arginase pathway.

Indwelling double pigtail ureteral stent combined or not with surgery for feline ureterolithiasis: complications and outcome in 15 cases.

Ureteral obstruction secondary to ureterolithiasis in cats is a challenging situation. Ureteral stenting has recently been introduced to prevent complications that often occurred after ureterotomy or other invasive surgeries. The purpose of this study is to describe the stenting technique and perioperative difficulties, as well as long-term outcome and complications with ureteral stenting in 12 cats with ureteroliths.

Azotemia in cats with feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: prevalence and relationships with echocardiographic variables.

Objectives: The prevalence of renal azotemia in cats with acquired heart disease is not well documented. The aims of this study were therefore (1) to determine the prevalence of azotemia within a hospital population of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and (2) to evaluate the relationship between echocardiographic variables and plasma urea and creatinine.

Animals, Materials And Methods: 134 client-owned cats were retrospectively studied including 102 cats with HCM and 32 control cats.

Impaired apoptosis of pulmonary endothelial cells is associated with intimal proliferation and irreversibility of pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the cellular and histologic basis of irreversible pulmonary hypertension (PHT) in the clinical setting of congenital heart disease (CHD).

Background: Although many children with CHD develop pulmonary vascular disease, it is unclear why this complication is reversible after complete repair in some cases but irreversible in others. Because failure of endothelial cell apoptosis might lead to intimal proliferation and lack of reversibility of PHT, we investigated this and other key markers of vasoactivity and angiogenesis in subjects with PHT and CHD.

Interaction of KATP channels and endothelin-1 in lambs with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a life-threatening condition in which half of infants fail to respond to inhaled nitric oxide. Development of new therapeutic pathways is crucial. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)) may be important in this condition.

Developmental expression of vasoactive and growth factors in human lung. Role in pulmonary vascular resistance adaptation at birth.

The factors that mediate the postnatal fall in pulmonary vascular resistance, which is crucial for normal gas exchange, are not fully understood. The endothelium has been implicated in this phenomenon, through the release of vasorelaxant factors such as nitric oxide (NO). Human pulmonary expression of endothelial NO synthase increases up to 31 wk of gestation, together with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and both factors potently mediate pulmonary angiogenesis and vasorelaxation.

Developmental changes in endothelial vasoactive and angiogenic growth factors in the human perinatal lung.

Little is known of the mechanisms underlying the marked fall in pulmonary vascular resistance that occurs at birth, but changes in the expression of endothelial vasoactive and angiogenic factors during lung development might play a key role. Nitric oxide, endothelin-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor have critical effects on vascular tone and cell growth. Here, we investigated the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1 and its receptors, and vascular endothelial growth factor in pulmonary necropsy samples from 14 fetuses of different gestational ages and from 5 infants.