Aurora Kinase Inhibitors in Oncology Clinical Trials: Current State of the Progress.

The Aurora kinase family of kinases (Aurora A, B, and C) are involved in multiple mitotic events, and aberrant expression of these kinases is associated with tumorigenesis. Aurora A and Aurora B are validated anticancer targets, and the development of Aurora kinase inhibitors has progressed from preclinical to clinical studies. A variety of Aurora A, B and pan-Aurora kinase inhibitors have entered the clinic.

Measuring Therapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Preliminary Development and Validation of the Treatment-Induced Neuropathy Assessment Scale.

Unlabelled: Various sensory and motor effects are associated with cancer treatment-induced peripheral neuropathy. The current method for capturing the multifaceted nature of neuropathy includes a combination of objective tests, clinician evaluation, and subjective patient report, an approach that is often not logistically feasible, especially for multisite trials. We report the performance of a brief yet comprehensive, easily administered measure, the Treatment-Induced Neuropathy Assessment Scale (TNAS), for assessing the severity and course of neuropathy across various cancer treatments.

Chronic social stress in puberty alters appetitive male sexual behavior and neural metabolic activity.

Repeated social subjugation in early puberty lowers testosterone levels. We used hamsters to investigate the effects of social subjugation on male sexual behavior and metabolic activity within neural systems controlling social and motivational behaviors. Subjugated animals were exposed daily to aggressive adult males in early puberty for postnatal days 28 to 42, while control animals were placed in empty clean cages.

Human epidermal receptor 2-amplified salivary duct carcinoma: regression with dual human epidermal receptor 2 inhibition and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor combination treatment.

Background: Salivary ductal carcinoma is a rare cancer with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-directed treatment has been attempted in HER2-amplified or overexpressed salivary gland malignancies with limited success.

Methods: We report resolution of measurable disease and minimal residual disease in a patient with salivary duct cancer treated with trastuzumab, lapatinib, and bevacizumab, with treatment ongoing for more than 2 years.

Contrasting hippocampal and amygdalar expression of genes related to neural plasticity during escape from social aggression.

Social subjugation has widespread consequences affecting behavior and underlying neural systems. We hypothesized that individual differences in stress responsiveness were associated with differential expression of neurotrophin associated genes within the hippocampus and amygdala. To do this we examined the brains of hamsters placed in resident/intruder interactions, modified by the opportunity to escape from aggression.

Functional networks underlying latent inhibition learning in the mouse brain.

The present study reports the first comprehensive map of brain networks underlying latent inhibition learning and the first application of structural equation modeling to cytochrome oxidase data. In latent inhibition, repeated exposure to a stimulus results in a latent form of learning that inhibits subsequent associations with that stimulus. As neuronal energy demands to form learned associations changes, so does the induction of the respiratory enzyme cytochrome oxidase.