Tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-1 and adenosine deaminase in tuberculous pleural effusion.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) are powerful mediators with a key role in inflammation. This study was undertaken to study the presence of TNF and IL-1 in tuberculous effusion where there is marked inflammation and where examination of the pleural fluid may give information about the local inflammatory reaction. Adenosine deaminase activity (ADA, a marker of TB pleurisy) was also tested.

[Angioscintigraphy of the aortic arch and the origin of the cerebral vessels in cerebro-vascular diseases (author's transl)].

Gamma-angioscintigraphy of the cerebral vessels starting from the aortic arch localises better the level of an eventual vascular lesion preventing a "false positive" aspect, possible by the usual technique as in the case reported. By starting the examination at the level of the aortic arch or by the use of a diverging collimator it is easy to decide of the necessity of an angiographic study, simple carotidography or angiography of the aortic arch and its branches.